留学生课程dissertation：动态宗教观的局限性和对人生的意义：Bergson dynamic religious view of life philosophical significance and its l

Bergson's philosophy of life known as the representative , the Nobel Prize for Literature aura clearly insufficient to cover the achievements of his life philosophy. He tried the general language we describe a vivid picture of the evolution of life . Bergson for " Creative Evolution " fame , in the book he presented himself to the "life impulse" theory -driven evolution of life . However, late in life , Bergson's interest seems to be transferred to the social sciences , that their late works , " two sources of morality and religion ," a book seems to be reflected in slightly . At this point , we must ask : What is the relationship between these two works do ? Is Bergson gave up late for life science research ? Our answer is that Bergson had never abandoned his " life impulse" , " two sources of morality and religion " is a crystallization of his life thinking , but also their philosophy of life and the continuation of condensation , described in this paper Berg Sen's dynamic religious views refining and Bergson book " two sources of morality and religion ," part of the discourse of religion, I believe that Bergson's thought and philosophy of religion are an important component of the life sciences , both the interface between the theoretical existence , and religious ideas Bergson also embodies his philosophy of life , we can say that Bergson 's dynamic religious thought was a profound philosophical meaning of life .

第一方面，柏格森的动态宗教思想是其生命哲学的理论延续。柏格森在其著作《创造进化论》中提出了“生命冲动”，生命冲动冲破物质阻碍，推动生命进化，从而产生出两条进化路线，一条进化路线是低于理智的路线，在其末端出现的是具有本能的膜翅类昆虫，如蜜蜂、蚂蚁；另一条进化路线是高于理智的路线，在其末端出现的是具有理智的人。

First, Bergson 's theory of dynamic religious thought is a continuation of the philosophy of life . Bergson put forward in his book " Creative Evolution " in the " impulse of life " , the life impulse to break the material obstacles, promote the evolution of life , resulting in the evolution of the two routes, one evolutionary line is less than sensible route in its end the Hymenoptera insects have instincts , such as bees , ants ; another evolutionary line is higher than the sensible route, appears at its end is a sensible person . But the evolution of life is a process of becoming perfect , and human reason in the process of exposing the flaws in evolution ( ie, rational selfishness of people , people fear death , people are worried about the future ) to human development constitutes the threat. Faced with these threats, how can human beings to overcome them , thereby re-embark on the evolution of life in the world? At this time, Bergson noted human society can only save religious , so Bergson with his dynamic theory of religion to save the beleaguered humans, he used the boat carrying the human dynamic re- entering the religious life of the evolution of his ilk . So we say that Bergson's philosophy of life and their religion is dynamic has important theoretical undertake relationship , it can be said that Bergson's dynamic religious thought is its philosophy of life , especially the life impulse theoretical ideas continuity. Bergson dynamic religious view of life made ​​to improve its system of philosophy , which is the dynamic of religious thought in Bergson 's philosophy of life inherent in the meaning of hand expression.#p#分页标题#e#

第二方面，在柏格森动态宗教思想中，他对静态宗教向动态宗教的进化的论述，充分体现了柏格森生命哲学额绵延进化思想。柏格森把宗教二分，一种为静态宗教，它产生于社会的本能需要，目的在于维持社会的稳定与发展；另一种为动态宗教，它基于某种神秘之爱而生，是人性所追寻的崇高境界。

Secondly, the dynamics of religious thought in Bergson , he discusses the evolution of the static to a dynamic religion religion , and fully reflects the amount of Bergson's philosophy of life stretches evolutionary thought. Bergson religion dichotomy , a static religion , it is produced in the instinctive needs of the community , the purpose is to maintain stability and social development ; another dynamic religion , which is based on some kind of mystical love and life, the human nature pursue the lofty realm . Although there are differences on the nature of the two, but not unrelated . Bergson considered static and dynamic religion is religion religious development in two phases , static religion is the initial stage of religious development , dynamic religion is the advanced stage of religious development in the early stages of the development of life as a static religious impulse has been stretching the , trying to break through physical barriers toward religion in this advanced stage of the dynamic evolution of the sport . The continued evolution from static to dynamic religion which religion , sublimation are also reflects a philosophy of life that stretches Bergson evolutionary thought.
 

Thirdly, the guide mankind from a static to a dynamic religion religious minorities into prominent mystics who also fully reflects the philosophy of life and the evolution of life "life impulse" thinking . Bergson in " two sources of morality and religion ," a book that a necessary condition for human religion from static into dynamic religion is to change human nature, that is, if you want to enter into the dynamics of human lofty realm of religion must be to change human nature sublime " divinity ", and the mysterious figure this shift is the mysterious guiding role by a few outstanding figures , these contacts through its noble act to arouse people's humanity, so that everyone follow them accessible dynamic lofty realm of religion . These outstanding mystery man can break hinder substances , has always maintained the upward trend of evolution . The reason they are cynical forward, because they who have a mysterious power, which is the life impulse , and this is the reason why these luminaries mysterious reasons. It is because of these outstanding figures who have life- impulse of this driving force , they only reflects the "life impulse" spirit of courage . These outstanding figures also deduce the rising philosophy of life , the true meaning of evolution.
 

Fourth , the idea of ​​God stretches Bergson also contains profound philosophical meaning of life . Bergson abandoned the "Bible" "God creates everything from nothing " point of view , it is pointed out that the coexistence of God and absolute nothingness itself is a contradiction. He criticized the traditional God puts forward his idea of ​​God stretches . Bergson believes that God is at the center of the world, it is like a huge fire beam ejected as everything in the world , this process is continued with the Bergson this stretches out his God can be equated to the life impulse. This " impulse of God" break through all obstacles, stretching into the creation of the world in all things , we can even call it life impulse spokesman. While the mystery of God 's love that is issued by a person , but also the human love of the recipient . So we say that God is the life impulse Bergson incarnation , it is a stretch of God , the development of its own evolution is a rolling process, and in turn create the world of all things in Duration .#p#分页标题#e#
 

Bergson 's dynamic religious thought contains profound philosophical meaning of life , or we can turn to say that Bergson's philosophy of life deeply influenced his religious ideas . The first two aspects we mentioned above is his philosophy of life and the use of macro reflected in their religious thought , the latter two aspects of microscopic life philosophy is embodied in religion , of course, we are talking about here is a relative macro and micro purposes . From this we can draw a conclusion , dynamic religious life and its philosophy of Bergson 's ideas are inextricably linked , dynamic religious thought is a continuation of their life philosophy , but also the philosophy and practice of life applications in the social sphere .

Main Body正文

In the above chapters , our team Bergson religious dichotomy theory of static and dynamic religion religion were carried out in detail , both for their own situation , we can briefly be summarized as the following few words , that religion still valid range is limited, it is limited to a limited , specific social groups , static religion has closed , exclusive and resting ; while the dynamic religion built on the basis of the mystery of love , it 's effective range is all human beings , but by mysterious love sustained creativity generated can break through all obstacles, dynamic religion is open, inclusive and dynamic. From these words , we can directly see the difference between these two , and this difference is also in nature. The difference is transient, minor , it is important to explore the link between the two.

For static text in front of our religion has been involved in a lot, but only a static religion generalization or just a part of the static content on religion were discussed. Next, we will discuss the analysis of static religious system . ( In fact, we called on a lot of static religious sense refers to a primitive religion )

First, we can determine that arise from primitive religious needs of the community , more precisely, from the needs of social instincts . At this point we have no choice but to repeat the human intellect is the problem that this article mentioned several times . In the biological world driven by the impulse of life evolving with, and thus there have been two evolutionary lines , one is instinctive form of the animal kingdom , and the other is based on the form of the human intellect . The human intellect for human nature to break in the process of expanding the soil made ​​outstanding contributions in the same process but the human intellect has also exposed its weaknesses and shortcomings , we have put these defects are summarized in three points in front : the reason people selfish, fear of death , anxiety in the future. Faced with this grim may hinder the evolution of the situation in the cause of life , human evolution "residual " instinct issued a call for it to it 's fiction, fantasy ability to create a religious myth, but also of all faiths in the form of primitive looking the spiritual consolation , so religion was born. This is a brief description of the primitive religion produced . In the course of human history in religion plays an important role , and in some specific period of time , such as the Middle Ages, became the dominant religion in secular society mainstream values ​​. According to Bergson 's view, the reason he put religion into static and dynamic religion religion and the religion is defined as the initial stage of static religious development , because Bergson think even played live in a civilized society , static religion the role is almost identical to the original religion. Static religious Bergson defined in the " static" means that although early forms of religion , refers to a closed, fixed state, but his deep meaning not only refers only kind of religion, faith and faith groups form a stationary state , but refers to fixed religious functions . In other words , Bergson define static religion is religion in its fixed -based functions unchanged . As can be seen in Bergson 's " two sources of morality and religion ", the primitive society from primitive to civilized society primitive religion in our lives , functions static religion is basically unchanged . That still has two basic functions of religion is almost constant , one religion through religious taboos and religious prohibitions to dispel people's selfish idea that religion creates all sorts of terrible gods , through the " taboo" to maintain social cohesion and stability ; the second is religion for human fear of death confrontation functions , due to human rational analysis , reasoning and other functions resulting in human brain death formed a clear concept , they know they must die , and doomed , eventually forming of death fear , and religion is to design these mythical immortality of the soul , the afterlife , etc. to digestion people 's fear of death . As we mentioned the role of religious boycott in the first section concerns for humans "uncertainty between actions and results ," frustration arising in a civilized society has been gradually fading. With the advancement of science and technology because of a civilized society , people for the " results" and greater control , so people gradually reduce this concern . But in any case , the first two functions of religion is an integral part of maintaining human society .#p#分页标题#e#
 

In short, because the static religious instinct needs arising in society , work is the most basic , most fundamental , and is basically unchanged , so Bergson put this to meet the basic needs of members of social groups defined as the primary religion . " static religion . "
 

Bergson believes in the need of society to produce static religious instinct , which is a group of external form and adapt to social life , it plays on the role of reason against defects , its ultimate aim is to increase cohesion between people , which is the unity of the Department of Social development . Thus, in a large extent still is a personal religion emphasizes social customs, religious obedience and compliance with the ban , emphasizing above all the interest groups , focusing on the maintenance of social order . But from another perspective, a static religion often reject change and development ; so defective that it 's a static religion resting , fixed invariance, closed and exclusive .