英国毕业dissertation代写（文学专业）：The Comparasion of the Legend of Stone and Pr
英国毕业dissertation代写（文学专业）：The Comparasion of the Legend of Stone and Pride Prejudice
Catalogue
ABSTRACT……………………………………………….. …….Ⅱ
I Similarities in Aestheretic………………………………………1
II similarities in content and Topics…………...…... ………… ….….4
2.1 Plots of the Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice…...…….……………4
2.2 Endings of the Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice..…………………6
2.3 Contents of the Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice….………..……..7
2.4 Topics of the Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice…….…….…….…..7
III Reasons for Existing Similarities…………………….……..….……..9
3.1 The Outcome of the Development of National Literature… ..………..………9
3.2 The Exchange between Chinese and English Culture…………….…..…….10
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….17
References…………………………………………………………..19
Acknowledgement…………………………………………….……21
ABSTRACT：There is no direct interrelationship between The Comparison .of the legend of stone and pride & Prejudice but actually the comparability still exists in them There are many similarities between the two novels.
The two novels both reflect the reality of the society and the viewpoints of the authors From the angle of aesthetic they both choose a relative small angle to show extensive dimension From the angle of humanism ,they both stress on the combination of the figures ’dispositions and story plots . From the angle of topic choice ,they both success fully describe the everlasting subject matter love ,From the angle of the contents, they are the autobiographical writing of the authors. From the angle of the writing style ,they are both influenced by the trend of a combination of European and Chinese cultures. From the angle of instructive significance, they both demonstrate the idea of free love and marriage, and deny the angle of psychology they both touch the inner and exterior world of the characters profoundly.#p#分页标题#e#
The paper is composed of three parts. Part one of the paper deals with similarities between the two novels in aesthetic. Part two points out the similarities in disposition, contents and topics. In part three, the writer offers an explanation for the existing similarities.
KEYWORDS:Interrelationship, similarities, differences
Introduction
There is no direct interrelationship between the L egend of Stone and Pride Prejudice by Jane Austen,but we can’t deny the comparability still exists in them. It is well known that the comparability of literature is built up on the basic of some kinds of similarities. And according to the likeness between them,we can draw a conclusion that the two books both belong to the “world’s ways”novels.But what are the “world’s ways ”novels on earth?MR.LuXun,the most outstanding essay’s in Chinese literature had ever given an accurate generalization on it. “They always involve in the description on the vicissitudes and transtormations of the life.”So both The Comparosion of the Legend of stone and Pride Prejudice have touched upon “love”---the everlasting topic of the cosmos in different ways of China and England,and it is of great singnificance studying them relatively.
Opening both novels,the two artistic worlds, which are not only attractive but also resemblant, are appearing before our eyes. In these two worlds, they concentrtate on the reality and conception of the society, as well as the emotion and ideal of the writers. So,although the artistic world is closely concerned with the rcality,it isn’t equivalent to the reality, because it includes the novelists choices and creations.
It may be clear to every reader that why The Comparison of the Legend of Stone and Pride Prejudice can become milestones in world literature after reading these two great works intensively ,love is a common topic but it is an everlasting one .The reason that why the two great works become the masterpieces of love is not only for the real love world they referred ,but also for the variously subtle and sophicated relationship between the inner and outer world they reflected relationship between the inner and outer world they reflected Although they wrote the vicissitudes of life differently ,they make readers believe that love should sprout and develop just like that . The Comparasion of the legend of Stone and Pride Prejudice are the outcome of the development of their individual national literature ,the similar ideological contradiction and developing course.
I. similarities in Aesthetic
In accordance with the history of China ,Cao Xueqin lived in an unstable and capricious period,which the palace of the feudalisticempire was floating over the craters,and the doom of extermination was irresistible. At the same time ,the elements of Capitalistic productive style had appeared.The contradiction between the new force and the old camp became sharper and sharper, and the decisive battle was inevitable.However as we all see,in The Legend of Stone Cao Xueqin. didn’t,touch upon the social upheaval dircctly ,nor the “sinverity of offivials”,nor the rebellion among the people .On the contrary,he coceteated on the girls in “Da Guan Yuan Park”,especially on describing their and decline of Jia ’ family was just the artistic choice and creation of Mr.Cao Xueqin, Turning back to the period Jane Austen lived in, it was also unsteady.At that time,European capitalists were fighting the final battle against the old feudalists.That was an era filled with fire and blood.but ,in Pride and Prejudice,we could neither hear the sound of artillery fire,nor smell the scent of gun-power.Instead,this novel was full of romantic love and heart-felt laughter:the soldiers in this works were not active in the hail of bullets,but in the banquets of the hosts,in the dance halls of garden,and under the “pomegranate dress” of the minds ,Jane Austen paid much attention to the girls of the Bennets.By the different sufferings of Jane,Charlotte,Lydia,and Elizabeth,the authoress wove a vivid and delicate artistic painting.That was just Austen’s artistic creation and choice ,which was similar to Cao Xueqin’s Maybe it seems that the two writers concentrated on trivial things in the critical moment,but in fact, they both became the milestones in the world literature.Their successes disclose an aesthetic rule—the charm of artistic world cannot be measured by the degree of seriousness of the theme.#p#分页标题#e#
II Similarities in Dispositions and Contents and Topics
Literature is humanism. Narrative literature describes the dispositions of fugures;meanwhile,the dispositions are exposed by the development of the plots. In the aspect of dispositions and plots,The Comparasion of the Legend of stone and pride &prejuce also have many similarities.We can see, Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth are two love seeds planted in China and England by Cupid respectively,The two novels are both based on their love and marriage. They molded two rebellious girls with some resemble artistic methods, though their endings of fate were different-one was tragedy, the other was comedy.
2.1 Plots of the Legend of STONE AND pride and Prejudice
Lin Daiyu and Jia Baoyu fell in love with each other at their first sight.Logically thinking,their affection would be developed smoothly and their marriage seemed to become true.But, with the development of the story, they always quarreled and struggled,even shocked the whole “Da Guan Yuan Park”. In the end ,an anticipant comedy became an irretrievable tragedy. On the one hand ,it was because Baoyu’s revolt against feudalism was so immature;on the other hand, it was because the interference on the destructor-Xue Baochai. From the very beginning to end, the so-called “gold and jade” predestined affinity had always been a threat to the “wood and stone” destiny; and eventually ,the love between Daiyu and Baoyu became a sacrifice of the feudalistic Confucian ethical code . From Daiyu’s angle ,she pursued free love and marriage bravely and insistently, but as an orphan who lived under another’s roof ,she had no coice but to be more cautious, more suspicious and more jealous ,all of above formed a certain kind of sentimental character. At the same time, entangling in serious disease made her live in the sorrow and depression . To the happiness of love and marriage, it was an undoubted obstructive shadow. However, the reason why her tragic character could become an immortal model in Chinese literature doesn’t lie in her sentimentalism, but in her brave rebellion. Her suspicion, acrimony, pride and caprice were just the ineveitable manifestation of the struggle for the free love and marriage under the oppression of the rigid feudalism, the exterior component of her rebellious disposition. Of course, Elizabeth and Mr.Darsy didn’t fall in love at first sight. Just for havng no mutually favorable impression, it impelled a desire for them to comprehend each other. That was also a kind of tortuous and sad love. In the course of sorrow, Mr.Darsy overcame his aristocratic arrogance gradually. But as for Elizabeth, she had great difficulty in discarding her bias.It was not merely because of the vicious malign by the swindler-Wicham and the obstacle in the marriage of Jane and Mr.Bingley. In the author’s opinion, the more important reason was that, although Elizabeth wasn’t so solitary as Daiyu, but the low status of her family, the philistinism of her relatives, always made her feel inferior to others. This kind of mental burden urged her to be extremely discreet when she sought ,the free emotion and marriage. Moreover between she and Mr.Darsy, there also existed a character like Xue Baochai who intended to make love tragedy- Miss Bingley. This hypocritical lady criticized that Elizabeth had a little caprice just like Xue Baochai slandered Lin Daiyu; she tried her best to ingratiated Mr.Darsy and his sister to get a chain marriage that let her brother marry Miss Darsy and she herself could marry Mr.Darsy just like Baochai flattered Baoyu and his family. Therefore, the caprice and prejudice of Elizabeth was also the exterior formation of her rebellious character. Seeing essentially, she went after the happiness of free love and marriage bravely and insistently as well. Every time after she made fun of Mr.Darsy, she would always lost in thought and annoyance. Wasn’t it just like the complicated mentality of Daiyu longing for getting together but actually becoming estranged. She refused the proposal of Mr.Darsy so resolutely that she announced her rejection even ruthlessly: “Even if all the men in the world are dead, I also wouldn’t like to marry you!” But in fact, the apparent exclusion contained potential emotion. As soon as Mr.Darsy left, she cried for half an hour alone. This makes me remember in The Legend of Stone, after Daiyu wrangled with Baoyu and cut the spike of his “mysterious jade”, she stood in the “Bamboo Garden” lonely and cried in the bleak wind. The more they loved each other, the more they grumbled cach other. How similar the two kinds of complex mood are!#p#分页标题#e#
2.2 Endings of The Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice
Indeed , the endings of characteristic development between Lin Daiyu and Elizabeth are thoroughly different: one is tragic, the other is comic, and just these differences lead to the distinctions in their individual basic sentiment. But different basic sentiment doesn’t mean different artistic method. In fact, the artistic methods of Cao Xueqin and Austen are resemble, for example, the fictitious circumstances, the stressing on the exquisite description of mentality, the application of contrast and so on .All of above are easy for readers to find out which have no need to put forward deliberately. But what should be especially referred here is that, although the two novels have their respective basic sentiment, they are not absolute. The legend of stone is not all-out tragedy, on the contraty, it contains a dense comic color---the tricks of Wang Xifeng, the jokes of old woman Liu.Mr.Cao Xueqin had ever evaluated his own novel as “a whole paper of fantasy, a handful of bitter tears.” At the beginning of Pride and Prejudice, Austen used Mrs. Bennet’s “ruth” to establish the comic central theme of the whole book. “A single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. A single man of a large fortune, what a fine thing for our girls!” However, Charlotte, a rather sensible girl, unexpectedly married to vulgar Mr.Collins; innocent Lydia even eloped with cheat Wickham… Are all of these so sorrowful? The setback in the love course between Elizabeth and Mr.Darsy, essentially speaking, is the contradiction between ideal and reality, the tragic conflict. Yes, at last they got married. But this comic cnding exactly proved the
adsurd “truth”of Wrs.Bcnnet which was denied by the authoress, isn’t it also sad? Obviously the big success of the two works expressed another artistic rule; anoutstanding novel should be mixed with joy and sorrow .this rule is not only conforming to the life dialectics, but also to the artistic dialectics.
2.3 Contents of The legend of Stone and pride and prejudice
There is another similarity between Cao Xueqin and Austen that is the two novels are the individual autobiography of them in some certain sense. It is clear to us that Cao Xueqin was
born in a declining feudal mandarin’s family. The extravagant and luxurious life in his childhood, the heart-broken suffering of love in his adolescence, and the poor and sick experience in his latter life, he placed his own experience in his novel, which added the truthfulness of the story. The Legend of Stone is not only the portrayal of his vicissitudes of life. But also the accuse of the vicious feudalism. While Jane Austen was the daughter of a country clergyman, and passed all her life in doing small domestic duties in countryside. Leading a quiet life in the country, she kept her eyes steadily upon the people and incidents about herself, and wrote about the small world she lived in .Austen had written 6 novels altogether: Northenger Abbey, Sense and Sensibility, Mansfield Park ,Emma, Persuasion, and this Pride and Prejudice. They all have a thin plot, but around it, the authoress has woven vivid pictures of the everyday life of simple country society. Through the description of the everyday life of simple country society. Through the description of the daily talks and doings of young men and women, Austen painted their characters as will. Walter Scott, the representative of English critics thus praised her: “That young lady has a talent for describing the involvement and feelings and characters of ordinary life which is to me the most wonderful Inever met with.”#p#分页标题#e#
2.4 Topics of The Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice
There is a common feature worth us to referring and maybe that is the real mysterious attraction of the pair of books-----their opinions on the marriage. Cao Xueqin eulogized the insistent pursuit for free love enthusiastically by the description of Baoyu and Daiyu’s “wood and stone destiny.” He used the acute tone to praise the bravery and firmness of Daiyu, and whipped against the cruel destruction and oppression from the sinful feudalistic society by his keen insight. In Pride and Prejudice, Austen wrote the combination of five young couples to illustrate her opinion of marriage. She laughed at the compromising marriage for wealth and money, criticized the hasty and irresponsible marriage for sexual desire, blamed the business marriage of family profits, and pointed out sharply----no free love, no real happiness. By her delicate analysis, we saw the high spirits of the freedom of women.
III Reasons for Existing Similarities
All the above facts demonstrate that, between The Legend of Stone and Pride and Prejudice, there actually exists the comparability. Nevertheless. Comparative literature is not equivalent to literary comparability. It is not enough to make simple contrast on author or his(her) books merely; we must do a deep and complete theoretical research. At the very beginning of this thesis, it has been pointed out that there is no direct influential interrelationship between the two novels. But, why do they have so many similarities? Here we should refer not only the development of national literature, but also the exchange between Chinese and English culture.
3.1 The Outcome of the Development of National literature
According to the standpoint of historical Materialism, the resemblance of different social group can lead to the resemblance of literature phenomena. Therefore, generally speaking, the style of novel deals with the problem of realistic life and human ideology. Of course, the sprout of Chinese capitalism and the development of English capitalism are not synchronous. In the age of Cao Xueqin and Jane Austen’s creation, there was difference between the two countries. Nevertheless, people also noticed, on the problem of contradiction and conflict between capitalistic democracy and feudalistic traditional concept, the two nations are identical. In the period of Cao Xueqin. The struggle of emotion and Confucian had appeared in the field of Chinese ideology. In the Peony Pavilion, Tang Xianzu opened fire against Confucianism fiercely by the weapon—emotion. 1Iuang Zongxi in Ming dynasty was against the Confucianism on philosophy. And as Cao Xueqin himself, he cons dered emotion more important than Confucianism. From Tang Xianzu to Cao Xueqin, we can conclude Chinese literature experienced a
transformation of ideological trends.Citing a sentence from professor Li Zehou. That is “Romanticism, Sentimentalism and Critical Realism are the three different stages in trends of thoughts in Ming and Qing Dynasty,” and “The Legend of Stone just reached the peak of this trend,” The period of England when Austen lived was also a transitional era from Rationalism to Emotionalism. Prof. Lynchn, an eminent German philosopher, declaimed that, “transiting from enlightened period to its opposite emotional period; England was the forerunner.” On the contradiction between emotion and ration, Austen preferred the former and denied the latter, her another masterpiece Sense and Sensibility is a typical example. In the history of English literature, the classicalism came into being in 17th century, literary creation in England was divided into two sects-the external realism of Fielding and inner exploration of Richardson. But Austen united the realism and emotionalism together to suit the transitional trend from Sentimentalism to Romanticism. We can say, the novels of Austen are just like a bridge, which brings the Romanticism, Sentimentalism and Realism together. All of above tell us , The comparasion of the Legend of stone and Pride Prejudice are the outcome of the development of their individual national literature, the similar ideological contradiction and developing course. This is the view drawn up by paralleled research.#p#分页标题#e#
3.2 The Exchange between Chinese and English Culture
What makes the two books become the masterpieces of love on earth? Actually, it isn’t only for the real love world they referred, but also because they reflected variously subtle, sophisticated relationship between the inner and outer world precisely and authentically. That is to say, both authors created the real love realm. Although they wrote the vicissitudes of life differently, they made readers believe that leve should sprout and develop just like that.
The pure artistic figure has limitless typical significance form and angle.
Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochai and Elizabeth, the heroines of the two novels, both demonstrated how to treat love in their lives, and vividiy. They all made great efforts to face the restrictions exterior or interior, while their thoughts, emotions and even life ways are all based on their individual characters, which decided their success or failure at the same time.
Lin Daiyu, who was full of flaming emotional pursuit, was rather afraid of the exterior world, she had perfect intellect to express herself inner, however had no idea of realizing herself outer. In fact, she had been an heiress of a financial minister, but she considered herself as a poor homeless cousin; she had superior external conditions, but she neglected them. Actually, she was quite diffcrent from other heroines in previous love stories who ignored the exterior world; she had recognized its existence. However, she was astounded and had no courage to conseder, to deal with the reality. So she tried her best to construct the inner world of love. But what she could do was only to strengthen the love to insure her happiness. As we all know, the harmony of hearts between Lin Daiyu and Jia Baoyu has reached a supreme extent. The most typical example was their through denial to the secular utility and interest. So when others urged Baoyu to study hard! He said openly: “Sister Lin had never said these nonsense. Otherwise, I will become stranged to her!” Maybe his words were too frank, but it was really fit for the mind movement of the characters.
As a matter of fact, her suffering rooted from the outside world. I mean all kinds of vicious plots beyond her understanding. For her bad health, for her ingenuity, for her rebellious disposition, lots of people disliked her. She realized that she was lost in the dim shadow of outside world, but she could not change and get rid of it . So at last, her endings could only be dead sadly and alone.
Cao Xueqin’s artistic formation is skillful. He excavated Daiyu’s inner heart by profound touch, at the same time, a more profound touch to describe outer movements. Mr.Cao Xueqin almost never touched Xue Baochai’s heart, maybe
because she was just a person moving in an outside world. But she was still maleficent, it seemed that even Cao Xueqin couldn’t see her through. He hoped that readers could understand her as a common person in our daily life, so that many experts in this novel argued for this figure generation by generation. There are a lot of incidents to demonstrate the inner contradiction of Baochai: when Mrs. Wang hesitated to ask Daiyu for clothes as maid Jin Chuan’s shroud, Baochai contributed the clothes of her own of , how can we conclude that she was slandering Daiyu only by this point? But that really made Mrs. Wang feel that she was more generous than Daiyu; when she heard maid Xiang Hong’s love affairs accidentally, she at once declaimed she was looking for Daiyu who seemed to hide nearby, how can we say she plotted Daiyu again deliberately? But, in fact, it really made the maids feel suspicious of Daiyu. So, what the purpose of her actions on earth? It all depends on the comprehension of readers. Yes, this girl had all virtues sung highly by the outside world-modest, cautious, generous, amiable, but we also can #p#分页标题#e#
say, it seems that even herself cannot know herself. In fact, Cao Xueqing really understood her, but he chose an implicit method to demonstrate her. The most representative part was the “friendship” between her and Daiyu. When she persuaded Daiyu and gained her trust, Daiyu cried deep into night sadly. But the author even never used a single word to describe the emotional fluctuation. Mr.Cao’s method on this aspect is unique. That is just the “no word, but much excellence” in Chinese esthetics.
Cao Xueqin demonstrated these two figures in different love worlds by different methods and therefore completed his topic-the dual world of divided love. He deepened Daiyu’s self-image by the excavation of her inner heart and stressed Baoyu’s character by the description of her exterior world in order to expose the two opposite love styles.
The love under Austen’s pen is harmonious finally. But it has a long process. Pride and Prejudice is a course for a girl to learn love rather than the marriage story of five girls. She also demonstrates the features of love’s dual world by
an optimistic, delicate and acute girl –Elizabeth, who realized the connotation and extension of love gradually and then, adjusts sense and sensibility. She made the inner and outer world join together. Although no one had studied visual angle in Austen’s period, Austen was really skilled at narrating her understanding on reality though a standpoint of one figure. The artistic images she created also embodied the life rule naturally. No profound philosophy, no systematical theory, she just used one person’s minds—emotion and intuition in daily life to express the true essence of life.
In pride and preiudice ,the occurrence of all kinds of incindents and their reflection of in Elizabeth’s heart were developed orderly.They didn’t appear dramatically or formulaiclly,but only depended on Elizabeth’s own realization.Under the nurture of cunning, lazy. Careless father and a stupid, bad the happy fantasy for love .But what is the true love on earth? The answer was too vague .She was not experienced as Charlotte to be good at the arrantement of
her future, and she was also not so gentle as to believe-happiness in everywhere-like Jane .In her heart, she understood the wealth was not the cuiteria of marriage, and would rather accept a noble man even having no money, but that was the whole .All of the above just proved her preliminary opinion about love, but the facts exposed the screen of real love in front of her ,If we say Mr .Collins’love was an absurd comedy, then Wickham’s love was an unforgettable poem,and they both shocked her love concept, which was like castles in the air. The proposal of Mr.Collins and his final marriage with Charlotte made her feel indignant at love based on wealth. However, she realized the harmony in Charlotte’s new life, and Charlotte accomplished her life plan “Almost every poor young lady who has received much education considers the maonage as the only decent reareat route.” At first Wickham attracted Elizabeth by his handsome appearance and elegant conversation, but when she found all the misdeeds of him, she realized it was useless to indulge in the exterior handsomeness, and love must be on the basis of real understanding. These two intermezzos were just like two #p#分页标题#e#
green leaves, what they contrasted was the real love flower between Elizabeth and Mr.Darsy. Mr.Darsy was the most intelligent, gentle man under Austen’s pen.Facing the choice of love, he found the contradiction between inner and outer world of himself: he felt Elizabeth’s attraction and loved her, but he was all embarrassed at her humble status and vulgar relatives. After the struggle between emotion and secular prejudice, he gave up his concept of family status and balanced his own contradiction. But love is a mutual thing, his own harmony is not equivalent to reciprocal harmony. At first Elizabeth didn’t like him at all ,she disgusted his arrogance and snobbish relatives. So, he used his modest attitude and sincere movement of helping her family to adjust their relationship further, and made great success finally. He is a most mature figure of love and a good example of the adjustment between inner and outside world. Austen built up his ideal image as an objective contrast to develop the mental experience of Elizabeth .The realization to the inner and social value was just that to the whole love
connotation, and at the same time, the wrong understanding to him was the very
misunderstanding to love. To believe Wickham and disgust Darsy was a misunderstanding to deny the critique of Darsy on her family was also a misunderstanding. All of these exists, just because she didn’t know the real harmony of inner and outer world. The visit to “Ponbery Mansion”(Darsy’s home) made her really understand his magnanimity and generosity, she also knew his outside world was not only the wealth, but also the style and culture. When he drew this conclusion, she accepted the love of Mr.Darsy subconsciously. At that time , material sublimated to culture, the real love took the place of money. The novel was ended with a jubilant outcome. Five girls found their individual home to return, and the lovers got together in the end. Elizabeth and Mr.Darsy dropped their respective pride and prejudice, walked into the palace of marriage.
The Comparasion of the Legend of Stone and Pride Prejudice both root from their mutually influential relationship. Speaking definitely, if we place the two authors and their two works on the macroseopic background of the exchange of Chinese
and English culture, it will be possible for us to discover some kind of meaningful interior relationship. At First, We Know that Rococo arts in Europe in 18th century. The main features of this artistic style are delicate, gentle and elegant. Many western critics pointed out that, this kind of art was formed by the effect of the western Chinese art, so Rococo style had been call in its another name“the wind of China”. Since the middle of 1780s, the Rococo phenomena appeared, in fluenced the wide artistic field and at last became a fashion in England.That was just the period of Austen’s creation. So we can say, the gentility and delicacy of this novel is the typical embodiment of Rococo style in literature. At the same time most of the critics found that there was an obviously inheritable relationship between The Legend of Stone and Chinese western arts , especially traditionally opera (Cao Yin---Cao Xueqin’s grandfather had written the book of “Continuation of Pi-Pa Guitar”). So, can we draw a conclusion that the similarities between The Comparasion of the Legend of Stone and Pride Prejudice have something#p#分页标题#e#
relevant to the relation with the Chinese western arts? Moreover, we also know that the contact between English and Chinese literature began in the end of 17th century and popularized in 18th century. In the year of 1759, the translation copy of Chinese genius novel The Legend of Proposal firstly appeared in England; In the year of 1762, Passi’s Essays on Chinese Poems was published, which contained the knowledge on the language, custom religion, poem. Traditional opera ,gardening, agriculture and so on. Moreover, The Orphan of Zhao’s was translated and brought up to the stage in London. In all, the energy fad for Chinese arts was prevalent in the whole English society. Just as Mr.Gorsem was famous for his Chinese letters (another name The Chinese of the World )had concluded: “At present, English literary society is dominated throughly by Chinese literature.”
Just living in the “Chinese fad”, Austen created her Pride and Prejudice. On the other hand ,just as Wen Yiduo pointed out in his the historical tendency of literature, the development of Chinese narrative literature is closely connected
with the western literature, including English novels. In the Banner of Loyalty, Feng Menglong, a distinguished dramatist in Ming Dynasty, brought forward an idea that the “facts” are more important than “Romantic Legend”, and this idea was carried forward decades by decades. From Tang Xianzu’s Peony Pavilion to Cao Xueqin’s The Legend of Stone, the distinctive color of romance was diminished gradually, and the “facts” occupied the leading position. The splendid achievements Cao Xueqin himself was greatly interested in the European culture, we can get a lot of information from his works ,for example , there are kits if excellent description of beautiful and valuable furniture, jewels, gadgets form the western countries. Of course the purpose of such description is to demonstrate the extremely extravagant and luxurious life of the feudalistic aristocrat, but at the same time, it also reflected the foreign influence on Cao Xueqin. Moreover, the materials proved that he had ever heard a good number of anecdotes about great
Shakespeare and his excellent dramas since he was a little boy! Obviously, the spirits of English literature was active in Cao’s minds , meanwhile, the blood of Chinese arts was also floating in the artery of Austen’s heart.
Conclusion
The comparison of the legend of stone pride & prejudice ,as two of the most import classical works in the world literature, are universally appreciate by the readers and even enjoy great popularity nowadays .For a long period, for many generations ,people are being leading characters .But it seems that the most significant value of the two books is that they both expose the ugliness and corruption in multiple aspects of the real society incisively and vividly .Just for the excellent unparalleled value of the two novels, they both occupy the unique position in world literature.Some special organizations and monographic studies on them are established gradually one by one.But it is really a truly task to estimate the similarities and differences by using a single word.In accordance with the writer’s opinion, if The Legend of stone is a glorious epic, while pride and prejudice is a delicate narrative poem.And the genius of the two masters both reached the peak of literature. Just like Elmer Lany, an outstanding philosopher said:”Whether in the exterior world, or in an inner world, great writers can pass unimpededly.”16 Free love,the common tobin of the two books is eternal, at the some time, the artistin value of both the writers is also immortal. Different space ,different time ,different characters, but the same topics, the same thought and the same ideas, sometimes we are astonished by this likeness. But it should never be contingeney; it is an offspring of the literary generality.#p#分页标题#e#
The reason that why these two great works can become two milestones on the history of world literature is not difficult for the readers to find out.That is ,although the topics of the works seem to be trivial at that time,actually the works both expose the ugliness and corruption in multiple aspects of the real society incisively and vividly,as well as manifest the authors’ longing for free live and marriage and wonderful life.
If literature is just like a vast ocean, The Legend of Stone and Pride and prejudice are the two most beautiful wave flowers.The legend of stone and pride and prejudice are invaluable assets in world’s literature assets in world’s literature history.
Notes
[1] 鲁迅，《中国小说简史》，河南人民出版社1973年出版，P17。
[2] Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice, Oxford University Press in 1983,P143.
[3] 曹雪芹，《红楼梦》，北京人民出版社1953年出版，P278.
[4] Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Oxford University Press in 1983,P43 of Chapter3.
[5] Wu Enyu, The Discovery of Cao Xue qin and His Autobiography, Beijing University Press in 1977,P92.
[6] Walter Scott,Jane Auster and Pride and Prejudice, Cambridge University Press in 1955.P25.
[7] Lie Zehou, The Development of Aesthetic, Commerce Publishing House of Shanghai.P21.
[8] Lynchn, The Contract between the Culture of China and Europe in 18th Century, Cambridge University Press in 1957,P121.
[9]曹雪芹，《红楼梦》，北京人民出版社1953年出版，P92.
[10] Lie Zehou, The Development of Aesthetic, Commerce Publishing House of Shanghai.P56.
[11] Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Oxford University Press in 1983,P72 of Chapter11.
[12]Lynchn, The Contract between the Culture of China of Europe in 18th Century Cambridge University Press in 1957,P56.
[13] 黄宗曦，《曹雪芹和莎士比亚》，教育出版社1972年出版，P3。
[14] Fang Cunzhong, the Orphan of Zhao’s in English Enlightenment. Nan Kai University Press in 1955,P87.
[15] Gorsemy, The Citizen of the world, Oxford University Press in 1968.P32.
[16]Elmer Lany, The Resourceful Writer .Oxford University Press in 1970.P52.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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[7]Walter, Scott. Jane Austen and Pride and Prejudice. [M]Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1955.#p#分页标题#e#
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Acknowledgement
I want to express my thanks here.But I find it can’t be expressed in words, picking up my pen , the more .I think of it’s the difficulty in writing the article on “Body language,” Its contents and how to organize them really.
Puzzled me a lot. It’s you who directed me patiently and helped me out without your help, I wouldn’t have completed it successfully .Although the gratitude is beyond description ,I still want to say “I can’t thank you too much;”from the bottom of my heart.
