格里菲斯大学Griffith University毕业dissertation：港口之间竞争与合作的预期成果及重要意义

Expected outcomes and significance

预期成果和重要意义

 

Through the case studies on Shenzhen port and Hong Kong port, the expected outcomes of the research are focused on the competition and collaboration of these two ports and their significant benefits.

通过深圳港与香港港口的案例研究，预期的研究成果主要集中在这两个端口和他们的重大利益的竞争和协作。

Competition between ports

港口之间的竞争

 

Port competition refers to commercial port rivalries and the competitive efforts of these rivalries make.(Fleming, 1997). Port competition can lead to ports retain their competitive advantages and improve service quality. Additional port will increase the opportunities for additional shipping line calls. The intensive rivalries can attract more shipping lines call in and achieve the economic of scales. Thus, the total cost can be reduced. In addition, through ports competition, the services level of ports can be improved as a consequence. Competition enables port to improve their efficiency and lower down their cost. It is crucial for Hong Kong port and Shenzhen port to develop their respective core competencies through the severe competition. Hence, through comparative analysis of ports competition, these two ports can recognize their market position based on their core competencies, and understand their weaknesses so that make improvement accordingly. 

港口竞争是指对商业港口的竞争和竞争力的努力，这些竞争使（弗莱明，1997年）。港口竞争可以导致保持他们的竞争优势，并提高服务质量。其他港口将增加额外的运输线通话的机会。密集竞争，可以吸引更多的航运公司调用，实现经济的规模。因此，总成本可降低。此外，通过港口的竞争，结果可以改善港口的服务水平。竞争使港口提高他们的工作效率，并降低其成本。香港港口和深圳口岸发展各自的核心竞争力，通过激烈的竞争，这是至关重要的。因此，港口的竞争，通过比较分析，这两个港口可以识别自己的市场地位的基础上自己的核心竞争力，并了解自己的弱点，以便做出相应的改善。

The significant benefits of ports competition can extend from terminal operators to other participants such as shipping lines and freight forwarders. They can enjoy the lower cost and better service level provided by ports. As a result, shipping lines and freight forwarders can increase their efficiency in their supply chain management. 

港口竞争的重大利益，可以延长从终端运营商，如航运线和货运代理给其他参与者。他们可以享受更低的成本和更好的服务水平提供端口。因此，航运公司，货运代理可以增加他们在他们的供应链管理效率。

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Collaboration between ports

港口之间的合作

 

Although the developments could lead to severe competition in ports, opportunities are presented for ports to cooperate meanwhile. Through the comparative analysis of Hong Kong ports and Shenzhen ports, it is expected to identify both competitive advantages and weaknesses of these two ports. Thus, based on the results, cooperation can be conducted by making full use of their respective competitive advantages, In addition, it is expected that cooperation between these two ports can complement their weaknesses for sustainable development.  Therefore, these two ports have stronger bargaining power to counter the increasing impact from mergers and acquisition of shipping liners.

尽管发展可能导致严重的港口竞争,同时也提出了港口合作的机遇。通过比较分析香港港口和深圳港口,它预计将确定两个竞争优势和弱点的这两个港口。因此,根据这些结果,可以进行合作,充分利用各自的竞争优势,此外,预计这两个港口之间的合作可以补充自己的弱点为可持续发展。因此,这两个港口有更强的讨价还价的能力来对抗日益影响并购的航运班轮

 

The cooperation between Hong Kong port and Shenzhen can http://ukthesis.org/wl utilize the concept of supply chain collaboration. Cooperation allows ports to share information and leverage their resources and skills. The major benefits of ports cooperation will include the following areas:

香港港口和深圳之间的合作，可以利用供应链协作的概念。合作使端口来共享信息，并充分利用自己的资源和技能。港口间的合作的主要好处包括以下几个方面：

 Enhance the market power for bargaining

增强讨价还价的市场力量

Large shipping liners tend to consolidate their role in the market by mergers, take-over and alliances (Ryoo and Thanopoulou, 1999). As a result, they have stronger bargaining power in the market. Ports can enhance their bargaining power by alliance with other ports to counter the challenges from shipping lines.

 Increase throughput because of high quality of service

增加吞吐量，因为高品质的服务

Cooperation allows ports to make use of their core competences to strengthen their core competences. Meanwhile, cooperation can form a complementary relationship between two ports so as to improve their weaknesses. Thus, cooperation has a positive effect on container throughput by providing higher quality of service.  

 Specialization in cargoes handling

货物处理的专业化

Through the cooperation, market segmentation can be determined. It is expected that ports can be the specialist in handling certain kind of cargoes with providing professional services, rather than a generalist. Therefore, ports can retain their competitive advantages and achieve economic of scales simultaneously. As a consequence, cost can be saved and higher efficiency can be achieved.#p#分页标题#e#

 

 Economic growth of the region.

地区的经济增长。

Due to economic of scale, lower cost and high quality of service, the hub status of ports can be retained and forming a hub-of-spoke relationship with other inland ports. Owing to higher flexibility through ports cooperation, more containers will be transferred by other inland ports. Thus, the economic of the whole region will be stimulated through the high degree of intermodalism.

With the significant benefits through ports cooperation, shipping lines and freight forwarders can work more flexible with professional services. The efficiency will be increased and hence the total cost will be lower as a result.

有了显着的好处通过港口间的合作，航运公司，货运代理公司可以更灵活的专业服务。的效率将增加，因此，结果是总成本会较低。

The benefits and positive contribution of this research will be summarized in the following Table.

 Reduce operation cost

 Enhance service quality

 Retain competitive advantage

 Identify weaknesses and try to improve it.
 Enhance bargaining powe in market

 Increase throughput by higher quality of service

 To be specialist and retain competitive advantages

 Reduce cost by high efficiencyShipping Lines Freightforwarders
 Have more option to choose port to use Reduce operation cost      

 High efficiency because of higher service level.
 Higher flexibility to avoid congestion

 Can be provided more professional service in certain products

   Higher efficiency leads to lower cost