个人SWOT法分析自己的职业生涯

Analyze Your Career witha Personal SWOT
通过个人SWOT法分析自己的职业生涯

Want a fresh way to size up the state ofyour career? How about taking a page from the business-school playbook andrunning a SWOT analysis? SWOT, which stands for strengths, weaknesses,opportunities and threats, is a simple yet powerful model MBA students use toanalyze the strategic positions of companies, products or business situations.But you don't need to be an MBA to apply the SWOT technique to your own careerplanning.想用一种新鲜的方式来衡量你的事业水平?何不尝试商学院教材中惯用的一计—SWOT分析?SWOT,即优势,劣势,机会和威胁,是MBA学生用来分析公司战略、产品或业务状况的一个简单而强大的模式。但是你不需要真的去读MBA，也可以把SWOT分析运用于自己的职业规划中。

How to Create a SWOT Analysis
如何创建自己的SWOT分析图表

The model is a basic two-by-two table,with strengthsand weaknesses laidout in the top two boxes and opportunities and threats in the bottom two.You've probably considered your strengths and weaknesses already, but the SWOTmodel takes it a step further by making you think about the external factorsthat bear heavily on the health and direction of your career. These factors --mainly physical location, industry, company and profession -- signal potentialopportunities and threats. Looking at the quadrants together can be a creativeway to think about where you are in your career and the directions you couldtake.此模型是由横竖各两格组成的,优点和缺点并列排在顶部两个模块中。同时机会和威胁排在底部两个模块中。你可能已经考虑过自己的优点和缺点,但SWOT分析更进一步让你考虑外部因素。但也许很大程度上影响着你的健康和你的职业走向。这些因素（主要是物理上的位置、行业、公司和专业）标志着潜在的机会和威胁。把所有的因素放在一起看，勾勒出的四个象限是一个具有创造性的，可以帮助你思考现有事业所在水平和未来走向的完整模块。

To get an idea of what you could incorporateinto your own SWOT chart, look at some examples in each category:
哪些因素可以纳入自己的SWOT呢,请看以下例证:

Strengths
Strengths are your internal, positiveattributes and selling points. You have some control over these.
Examples include:
·Positivepersonal traits.
·Relevantskills, competencies, knowledge and work experience.
·A solideducation.
·Astrong network.
·Commitment,enthusiasm and passion for your field.
优势
优点是你内部的,积极的属性和卖点。你对这些有一定的掌控力。例如：
·积极正面的人生观
·相关技能，竞争力，学识和工作经历
·扎实的教育基础#p#分页标题#e#
·强大的人脉
·重承诺，对工作的领域饱含热情和激情

Weaknesses
Weaknesses are your internal negativeattributes. You have some control over these as well. Examples include:
·Negativepersonal characteristics and poor workhabits.
·A lackof work experience or relevant experience.
·A lackof education.
·Nonetwork or a small one.
·A lackof careerdirection orfocus.
·Weakprofessional or career-management skills.
劣势
劣势是自身非积极的属性。你同样具有一定的把控能力。
·性格中不好的一面和不好的工作习惯
·工作经历和阅历尚浅
·受教育程度不高
·没有人脉或圈子很小
·没有职业方向或者不够专注
·专业技能和职业管理技能低下

Opportunities
Opportunities are uncontrollableexternal events that you can potentially leverage. Examples include:
·Favorableindustry trends.
·Abooming economy.
·Aspecific job opening.
·Anupcoming company project.
·Emergingdemand for a new skill or expertise.
·Use ofa new technology.
·Referralto a high-powered contact.
机会
机会是非可控的外部因素，但具有潜在的影响力
·有利的行业发展趋势。
·蓬勃发展的经济。
·明确的工作开端。
·即将推出的项目。
·对新技能或专业知识的需求。
·使用一项新技术。
·接触到行业大佬。

Threats
Threats are uncontrollable externalfactors that may work against you and require you to take protective action. Examples include:
·Industryrestructuring and consolidation.
·Changingmarket requirements and their impact on your employer.
·Changingprofessional standards that you don't meet.
·Reduceddemand for one of your skills.
·Evolvingtechnologies you're unprepared for.
·Theemergence of a competitor, either to your company or to you personally.
·Acompany decision maker who does not like or support you.
威胁
同样威胁也是不可控的外部因素，这些因素可能阻碍工作甚至要求你对此采取一些保护自己的措施。
例如：
·行业重组与整合。
·变化的市场需求及其对雇主的影响。
·对专业技能的需求有所提高，而你并未达到新的行业需求。
·减少对你现有技能的需求。
·不断发展的技术使你措手不及。
·竞争对手的出现，可能来自你的公司或你本人。
·公司新的决策者，可能不喜欢或不支持你。

An external factor can sometimes be botha threat and an opportunity. For example, the emergence of a programminglanguage that replaces one you know is a threat if you do nothing about it andan opportunity if you commit to becoming one of the early experts.#p#分页标题#e#
外部因素可能既是威胁也是机遇。例如，用一种新编程语言来替换现有的。如果你对新的语言一无所知，那么就会对你产生威胁。换言之，如果你早对该项技术了如指掌，那么你的机会就来了。

Do Your Own SWOT Analysis
勾勒自己的SWOT分析图表

1.Draw a two-by-two grid on a sheet ofpaper, or create one in a word-processing program.
2. In each quadrant, write out ideas inbullet-point form. Be as specific as possible.
3. Stretch to come up with trueinsights. Take a break if you have to, and revisit your analysis when you'refresh. You can even show your SWOT to a few close contacts to get their views.
4. Edit. Delete repetitive ideas, andsharpen less specific ones.
5. Analyze what it all means. Use thetool to:
·Validateyour current position.
·Understandthe skills, attributes and experiences you should emphasize and the ones youshould downplay.
·Brainstormpossible career directions.
·Highlightopportunities to take advantage of.
·Flagpossible threats.
6. Determine possible actions. There arefour types of actions you could take:
·Strengtheninga specific skill or adding something to your strengths quadrant.
·Minimizingor eliminating a weakness.
·Pursuingor exploiting an opportunity.
·Protectingyourself from threats.

Revisit and update your SWOT chartperiodically to add a level of sophistication and effectiveness to your careerplanning.

1，在纸上画一个两两分的表格，或创建一个文字处理程序。
2，在每个象限，列举每一点，越具体越好。
3，一定要实事求是。如果需要，可以休息一下，之后继续开始。如果有必要，你还可以把勾勒出的初稿拿给身边亲近的人，寻求他们的意见和建议。
4，编辑，删除重复的理念，精简不太具体的。
5，分析一下这一切意味着什么。并把他们运用到以下几点：
·验证您的当前位置。
·了解自己掌握的技能，具备的属性和经验，并无限扩大他们同时淡化那些没什么用的。
·头脑风暴可能的职业走向。
·着重突出可能有的机会，好好把握。
·标出可能的威胁。
6，确定可能采取的行动可以通过以下四点：
·强化特有的技能或发挥更多的强项。
·最大限度地减小或弱化自己的弱点。
·追求或利用可能的机会。
·在可能的威胁中保护自己。

重温并定期更新一下自己的SWOT分析图表，并在此基础上令自己的职业规划更深化和有效。