计算机应用专业教学课程优化与整合
Secondary vocational and technical education includes general secondary schools, technical schools, vocational secondary education, as well as various forms of short-term vocational and technical training. In recent years, the state vigorously develop vocational education. With the deepening of vocational education and computer science graduates into the community a lot, the gradual emergence of such a situation: Although the annual vocational schools provide the community with a large number of computer science graduates, but the reality is in line with the needs of society computer applications The technology is still a shortage of talent. This phenomenon indicates that the computer application technology in teaching and training model of touch with society, vocational Computer Application Technology Talents face enormous challenges. The main problem which is not suitable for more professional curriculum needs of the community. Traditional classroom system emphasis on imparting theoretical knowledge, too much emphasis on the systematic knowledge and integrity, lack of necessary teaching the students' ability, skill and method of operation of the train. Computer Application Technology curriculum system settings should be - given optimization and integration, this article on Computer Applications Curriculum propose the following view.
中等职业技术教育主要包括普通中等专业学校、技工学校、职业中学教育，以及多种形式的短期职业技术培训。近几年来，国家大力发展职业教育。随着职业教育不断深入和计算机专业的大量学生毕业进入社会，逐渐出现了这样的情况：虽然每年中职学校为社会提供大量的计算机专业的毕业生，但是现实情况是符合社会需求的计算机应用方面的技术应用性人才仍然短缺。这一现象表明计算机应用技术专业的教学与人才培养模式与社会脱节，中职计算机应用技术人才培养面临巨大的挑战。而其中最主要的问题是专业课程设置越来越不适合社会需要。传统的课堂体系偏重理论知识的传授，过分强调知识的系统性和完整性，缺乏必要的教学环节对学生进行能力、技巧和操作方法上的训练。计算机应用技术专业的课程体系设置应进行-定的优化与整合，本文就计算机应用专业课程设置提出以下几点看法。
One, the curriculum should be wide basis, change the direction of living module
一、课程设置应向宽基础、活模块方向转变
Wide-based thinking first produced in the educational practice of feedback. Vocational education in China has just started, because of the professional talent shortage, so some relatively simple professional training objectives rise quickly, but after the two have had an oversupply mountain now, the phenomenon can not be employed. Practice has proved that students' knowledge is not wide, employment opportunities after graduation will be limited, which makes people more aware, with advances in technology and the idea of the formation of the modern enterprise production organization, occupational integration is a general trend, it produced a and professional coverage widened to adapt curricula, basic professional knowledge widened produce the so-called cluster curriculum program. Secondly, from the consciousness of modern society strengthening, recognize as a modern inauguration personnel, in addition to traditional politics, language, mathematics, sports, and other basics, should also have basic knowledge of general industries such as energy, security, legal , quality, information, ethics, foreign language, computer and so on. In short, the aim is to enable students to obtain more generous basic quality, comprehensive ability to facilitate training, and in the curriculum, and then divided into a number of centers, the formation of multiple knowledge modules, and each module can be relatively combinations.
宽基础的思想首先产生于办学实践的信息反馈。我国的职业教育刚刚起步时，由于当时职业人才紧缺，于是一些培养目标比较单一的专业兴起很快，但办过一两届之后就山现了供过于求、无法就业的现象。实践证明，学生的知识面不宽，毕业后就业门路就会受到限制，这使人们进一步认识到，随着科技进步的思想及企业生产组织形成的现代化，职业综合化已是大势所趋，故产生了与专业覆盖面扩宽相适应的课程设置，专业基础知识面加宽产生了所谓群集课程设置方案。其次，来源于现代社会意识的强化，认识到作为现代就职人员，除传统的政治、语文、数学、体育等基础知识之外，还应具有各行各业通用的基础知识，如能源、安全、法律、质量、信息、职业道德、外语、微机等等。总之，目的是让学生获得较宽厚的基础素质，以利于培养综合能力，而在课程编排上，则划分成若干中心，形成多个知识模块，模块之间能相对和互相组合。
Two, the curriculum should be the reality of Computer Applications students employment situation closely
Statistics show that vocational education IT-related graduates, the majority (80%) engaged in computer sales, technical support and other post work. Computer Applications and software professionals in the chain in the most low-end position in the local area network maintenance and management, multimedia production, website management and maintenance, software programming on the job vocational school graduates is relatively small, and in fact a great need for these positions occupation school graduates in these positions, vocational school graduates to play a great role in space.
Therefore, during the course settings, you should first grasp the large and both small and curriculum as much as possible on the major aspects of the employment opportunities by scrambling; in the usual teaching, more emphasis on students' basic abilities education students do not have unrealistic expectations, that is the basic ability to not care. To remember that things are the big picture, start small, though, is the public's job, but if people in capacity than better, certainly will increase employment opportunities for a minute. Allow students to spend more time training, can do so-called "people I have, people have my spirit."
Third, in order to engage students in the future work of the typical tasks performed appear curriculum
Currently, the task of leading the type of learning has gained, however, different learning tasks, promoting the development of professional competence is not the same degree. http://www.ukthesis.org/Thesis_Writing/Computer_Science/
Vocational education is a learning process integration work and learning, intellectual and physical development of a comprehensive process, the core curriculum content should be extracted from the work out of the typical tasks, which contains the "work" aspects, but not necessarily real business simple reproduction of the task, but the teacher to follow "educational" called for "fix" result. Typical tasks from business practices, professional growth of its people played a key role. In a typical task for curriculum should keep pace with market changes. But the reality is, many schools still adopt the old textbooks, and some may have some minor adjustments, but generally have no substantive breakthrough adjusted. If the current program design materials, although it has long been the personal use of object-oriented systems, but there are more school textbooks still using TURBOC, the result of running this program is user-oriented, even if students learn operation But with reality, but there is a great use of a distance. Most school teachers each course is specifically responsible for the execution of the system who taught in each course are conducted independently, teachers in the teaching process tend to focus on imparting knowledge, teaching both the lack of depth and breadth of content, the lack of practical application; as well as the students of this course is to understand and grasp the practical application enough attention, most of the students in the Hands of digestion than through hands-on course units before a learned knowledge, but mechanically follow the procedures on the books for input procedure, their views on how to program, reading programs, programming specifications, debugging and modifying the program simply no way of knowing, and even programming environment provides the tools applied unfamiliar. Although these students through multi-language learning and practice, but the end result is a program to learn daunting, leading into the community can only engage in the most low-level professional work. Teachers believe that the basis of poor students, students considered programmed too difficult, in general, the current vocational courses computer application system is based on students' learning in spite of the design characteristics, but some courses are college courses just a simplified, For the cultivation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills training is relatively low. In particular curriculum lags behind the renewal and development expertise, case teaching, project teaching content minimal, resulting in practical work, students analyze problems and problem-solving ability is weak.
Fourth, the curriculum should focus on students' capacity for sustainable development
To develop students 'capacity for sustainable development in the curriculum, in addition to the necessary theoretical knowledge, but also pay attention to change students' traditional learning concepts, build "approach is more important than knowledge, ideas are more critical than the conclusion, questions than it answers more useful, more effective experience than to receive "ideas; provide more ways clues to guide students through a variety of means to collect, analyze, organize relevant professional information to achieve the expansion of expertise, will learn to expand to a wider field of vision space; train them to develop independent learning and constantly update their knowledge of good habits.
Vocational education curriculum reform is important and difficult, but also the core of the development of higher vocational education mission. Curriculum system to adapt to the needs of society as the goal to develop advanced technology applied talents as a fundamental task. In the reform process there will be many problems to be solved, only in practice, constantly exploring, sum up experience, to go for their own development, in order to cultivate high-quality, high-skilled, multi-level professional and technical personnel of Computer Applications.
