浅谈英美文学教学与跨文化意识的培养On the cultivation of English and American Literature Teaching and cross cultural a
dissertation摘要：在世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势日益明显的新形势下，注重跨文化意识的培养显得尤为重要。本文从英美文学教学的角度出发，探讨了通过英美文学教学培养跨文化意识的重要性，培养跨文化意识应遵循的原则以及利用英美文学培养跨文化意识的教学思路。
Abstract: in the new situation of world multi polarization and economic globalization is increasingly obvious, pay attention to cultivate cross-cultural awareness is particularly important. This article from the English and American literature teaching point of view, discusses the importance of cultivating intercultural awareness in the teaching of English and American literature, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness should follow the principles of British and American literature and the cultivation of cross cultural awareness in teaching ideas.
随着国际经济、文化、政治等领域发展步伐的加快，交流日益频繁，世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势日益明显，国际交往合作更加频繁，国际交流也越来越广泛，多种文化相互交汇碰撞、交流融合，在这种环境下，如果不了解英美国家的风俗文化、行为习惯、思想观念和价值取向，不同文化间就会产生误解甚至冲突，影响交际的顺利进行。由此，外语教学中，关注目标语文化，提高跨文化意识，注重跨文化交际能力的培养就显得尤为的重要。“跨文化意识”是指外语学习者对于其所学习的目的语文化具有较好的知识掌握和较强的适应能力与交际能力，能像目的语本族人的思维一样来思考问题并作出反映，以及进行各种交往活动。具有“跨文化意识”的外语学习者能自觉地消除在与目的语本族人进行交往时可能碰到的各种障碍，以保证整个交往过程的有效性。外语教学不仅仅是语言知识的学习，语言是文化的载体，又是文化的一部分，外语教学的目的是提高学生的跨文化交际能力，包括文化知识和文化意识。文学又是文化的一种特殊表现形式，始终与文化相伴相生。因此，通过英美文学认识英美文化、培养跨文化意识是一种有效的教学途径。
With the pace of development of international economic, cultural, political and other areas to speed up, exchanges become more frequent, the world multi polarization and economic globalization trend is more and more obvious, more frequent international exchanges and cooperation, international communication is becoming more and more extensive, multi culture collision, exchange cross fusion, in this environment, if you do not understand the British and American customs culture, habits, ideas and values, different cultures can cause misunderstanding or even conflict, affect the smooth communication. Thus, foreign language teaching, pay attention to the target culture, improve cultural consciousness, cultivate the ability of cross culture communication is particularly important. "Cultural consciousness" refers to the learners who have better knowledge and strong ability to adapt and communicative competence for the purpose of learning language and culture, as the target of the Serbs thinking as to think and to reflect, as well as a variety of activities. With the "cultural consciousness" of the foreign language learners can consciously remove barriers might encounter in the target language and native speakers interact, to ensure the validity of the whole communication process. Foreign language teaching is not only the learning of language knowledge, language is the carrier of culture, is a part of culture, foreign language teaching is to improve students' intercultural communicative competence, including cultural knowledge and culture awareness. Literature is a special form of culture, and culture has always been accompanied. Therefore, through the Anglo American literature understanding Anglo American culture, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness is an effective teaching approach.#p#分页标题#e#
一、英美文学教学是培养跨文化意识的有效途径
1,British and American literature teaching is an effective way to the cultivation of cross cultural awareness
Firstly, literature is an important form of an important carrier of culture and national personality. Literary works are included in the cultural knowledge, knowledge of literature and philosophy, the humanities, has the aesthetic value is the epitome of a nation's social culture, is the students understand the English national political, economic, social life, ideology, cultural factors such as local customs and practices the most vivid, the most abundant, the most direct material. The British and American literature understanding Anglo American culture and national character is a kind of cross-cultural communication level cultural cognition and culture based on approved, its center of gravity is broaden their cultural vision and improve ideological territory, comprehensive quality, training the consciousness and ability of cross culture communication. Literature is the cultivation of students' cultural awareness, improve the important source of culture, the ancient Greek myth, in Rome, the Christian "Bible" to understand the story and characters of allusion, familiar with some of the myths and legends of the gods, can broaden the knowledge, broaden their horizons, is conducive to the learning of cultural factors in language accumulation.
Secondly, literature is an important way to improve the cultural literacy and language learning. Language is inseparable from culture, literature is an art of language, but also is the art of language, students are to learn and imitate the ideal language and cultural material. The specific culture is often left a deep imprint in the language, in the process of language learning, students have a precise understanding and grasp of the language, but also on the two kinds of culture, especially the knowledge and understanding of overall differences between the two cultures. Western literature reflects and represents the essence of western culture, the outstanding literary works is a valuable spiritual wealth, it is also the language inexhaustible, inexhaustible. The new "English Teaching Syllabus for English Majors" clear, literature course undertakes to improve students' English level, the dual responsibilities to cultivate students' aesthetic taste and cultural awareness.
Once again, the vivid and popular literature is beneficial to arouse the students' interest and curiosity. "Literature is the most beautiful language, if we want to learn and get the most beautiful language, we must learn literature." (Li Funing language) language charm in the literary works in the most fully reflected, because literature is an art of language, which is based on the language as carrier. Learning English and American literature, not only can accept work plot at the same time, grasp this tool of language, literature in intercultural permeation awareness can stimulate students' interest, stimulate the curiosity of students. Therefore, in language teaching and learning, we should pay attention to cultural factors influence and role, extensive reading good literature, understanding of the western philosophy, history, geography, local customs and practices and social customs.#p#分页标题#e#
2, the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness should follow the principle
Cultivation of students' intercultural awareness should follow the following principles in the process of foreign language teaching, namely, practical principles, stage principle, the communicative principle.
The utility principle requires the teachers provide language materials, language content of cultural content and English students guide people learn are closely related, and vivid prominent language, the authenticity of the scene, the life of the materials, the cultivation of students' emotion, arouse the curiosity of the students, cultivate students' understanding and love for his nation in his national culture, understanding and respect, so that the formation of cross culture and rational attitude.
The stage the principle of cultural content should follow the principle of gradual, fully consider the students' language level, cognitive ability and psychological state, according to the students language development and ability to accept, by shallow deep, from the outside to the inside of progressive education, let the students to fully understand the nature of the cultural content. From the beginning of the English speaking countries people's daily life, gradually more involved in their cultural background, history, geography, and even deeper into the attitude of life, moral values.
