国外高校后勤用工现状及存在问题研究University Logistics Research question the status quo and the presence of foreign l

Analysis of survey results
Distribution

The research we have a total of 62 questionnaires , distributed mainly target college dorm staff , library staff , security, canteen staff , cleaning staff , etc. for that . 8 questionnaires distributed among the dorm staff , security six copies, 18 copies of the canteen , cleaning 12 copies, 12 copies of the library staff, other personnel ( logistics management teachers, school management, heating work ) 6 copies. This 62 questionnaires were fully recovered after the issue and effective .
The survey , only 4.83% of the support staff and the school signed a labor contract , the formal establishment belonging to the school staff , the rest are dispatch staff involved dorm , security, canteen , cleaning and other jobs.

Protection of labor rights situation
Labor contract
According to survey results analysis , logistics and employment labor contract rate was 94.4 %, of which 4.83% of the support staff are signed with the school , 91.5 percent of the support staff is clearly a labor contract signed with the labor dispatch company , while 3.67 percent of staff unclear whether they signed labor contracts , it is unclear with whom a contract.

More than half of the labor contract is one year labor contract is limited to only 11 percent of the support staff signed more than three years .

Working Hours
In terms of working hours, part of the logistical work more than the legal employment of working time , length of time they work on average 8.32 hours per day , 48.8% of workers working time is an average of 8 hours per day.

16.74% of the support staff is only one day a week to rest , 16.12% of the support staff do not have time to rest. After the interview , the rest are no cleaning staff , they implement 6.5 hours / day work system .

56.3% of the support staff do not have to work overtime , plus 43.7% of the support staff had classes . In overtime 43.7% of employees , payroll status of 42% and full payment of overtime pay , 47% of people without full payment of overtime wages and 11 % had no overtime pay , but make false or subsidies.

Labor compensation
According to our survey , we found that the level of support staff salary is not high . 76% of the employee's monthly salary of 2,000 yuan , 12 percent of the wages of employees in 2000-3000 , the 7% of the employees wages within 3000-4000 , 5% of the wages of employees in more than 4,000 yuan . Beijing 2013 the minimum wage was 1,400 yuan, 76 percent of the average monthly income of employees less than 2,000 yuan , consistent with the Beijing Municipal dispatch services overall condition .

Social Insurance
From the point of view of social insurance , 27% of employees do not have any insurance, 31% of employees are buying their own insurance . The insurance company to pay the proportion was 37 %, while the school to pay 5% . In terms of specific types of insurance , medical insurance is paid up to a ratio of 37% , followed by pension insurance and unemployment insurance of 30% and 17 %. The proportion of work-related injury insurance, only 8% .

Welfare
From the welfare point of view, the overall level of school support staff can still , through the back office staff and school administrators can see the interview , basically every year a certain benefit , only 7 % of people do not have any benefits , the rest of the people enjoy different benefits.

Union participation
The level of participation from the union point of view , the survey showed that 94 percent of employees are not unionized , and only a handful of people to join a union . The staff is unionized employees basic school establishment.

Issues and Analysis
Extensive use of labor dispatch staff
Logistical personnel in the school system , only 4.83% of the preparation for the official cause of the school's staff , the rest are labor dispatch . Law of labor dispatch general provisions on temporary, auxiliary or substitute jobs. "Temporary ", " complementary " and " alternative " is also known as the dispatch of " nature" , can be seen from the legislators in setting the "Labor Contract Law " is to be located in non-mainstream employment model, what is " nature" does not give a clear definition , there are also many theorists differences . Since the law does not clearly defined , the school itself personnel management system is not perfect , do not use a long-term vision to look at the school logistics, lack of forward-looking and strategic development planning , dispatch workers is so widely used in universities .

The basic logistical rest and vacation employment equity has not been well protected
According to research found that about 40% of the support staff to work more than eight hours a day, standard working hours, vacation time and there is no scientific . In the overtime process, only 42 % of employees and payment of overtime wages are paid in full for . In the dispatch process, because workers with university and not directly contract , but need to be adjusted according to the needs of colleges and universities working hours , so that tends to undermine the interests of workers in the invisible , a violation of the rights of workers to rest leave .

Logistical support capabilities and employment of social instability
The combined survey data show that 58% of employees do not pay social insurance or their own social insurance company pays 37% , school support staff pay only 5%. In the specific types of insurance , industrial injury insurance accounted for only 8% in the proportion of pay , that is only 8% in the event of an accident after people have work injury insurance to protect their legal rights . Similarly employees pension insurance paid only 30% of all people , so that not only affects the work of support staff enthusiasm, but also affect the long-term development of university logistics industry.

Short-term labor contracts
In this research , the labor contract signed by 64% of the employees for one year. Although the short-term labor contracts signed not only conducive to universities and flexible labor , but also facilitate worker autonomy and flexibility in choosing , to meet market demand for two-way choice to improve the overall efficiency and quality of the labor contract . However , the class of employees engaged in logistics services turnover rate is relatively high, if the frequent replacement of logistics and employment, will affect the workers ' sense of belonging and career stability , to some extent hindered the workers motivation and loyalty , is not conducive to labor relations stability and security of logistics service quality .

Lack of rights of way , without the support of unions
Analysis can be seen , 94% of employees are not unionized , these people are basically labor dispatch company sent each employee , the British " Labor Contract Law" will be dispatched workers and the relationship between the companies identified as the dispatch of labor based on the findings relations , wages and termination of contracts , social insurance etc. depend on dispatch company , and the "Labor Contract Law" and did not send the company 's ability to pay requirement , in reality, law enforcement agencies have not actually paid for the dispatch of the company's ability to carry out an investigation , can not be guaranteed. When the scale of the event or the collective labor dispute , dispatch companies often shirk their responsibilities , so that employees do not dispatch the appropriate ways and means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

Recommendations and Strategies
Labor Dispatch range limits

2013 Human Resources and Social Security in order to implement the "National People's Congress on Amending < PRC Labor Contract Law > " and further regulate the labor dispatch, drafted a " certain provisions of the dispatch ( draft)" ( hereinafter referred to as "Regulations" ) , and to the public for comments . "Regulations" clearly defined " nature" , mentioned in Article labor contract labor is a British enterprise basic form of employment . Labor dispatching supplement form , can only be implemented on a temporary, auxiliary or substitute positions.

Universities should be based on the specific content of scientific work in the logistics division of posts in the line with " nature" reasonable requirements of the job using dispatch workers , and controls the dispatch staff ratio. According to "Regulations" Article V , employers should strictly control the number of labor dispatch . The number of jobs in the secondary labor units used dispatched workers shall not exceed 10%   http://www.ukthesis.org/jyx/ of total employment 

University Logistics and employment norms , and earnestly safeguard the interests of workers
Under the first laborers in the signing of labor contracts with labor dispatch companies or universities, paying particular attention to the relationship between the contract itself , such as the right to rest and vacation in the labor dispatch company repeatedly demanded full payment of overtime pay overtime is not the case , according to the labor contract to the local arbitration department for arbitration. Secondly , it should strengthen the institutional capacity of law enforcement supervision , so that the power to govern , active supervision, effective supervision, to labor law and labor contract as the basis to oversee the effective implementation of the labor contract the employer .
University Logistics labor norms require specialized departments and agencies to accomplish this task , the system came from the norm , to implement in practice , not only to safeguard the rights of workers on leave to rest , but also to ensure that workers have access to social insurance, to enjoy with the right to paid annual leave .

Distinction contract period
Making short-term labor contracts between employers and employees only see the immediate benefits , not promote long-term development and quality of service sustained and stable service business from the University Logistics nature. Labor contracts and there is no absolute time limit , you need to be treated differently for different jobs . Select the appropriate duration of the contract , not only conducive to the stability of labor relations , reduce turnover, and improve workers' enthusiasm for work . "Rule" regarding labor deadline mentioned in Article VIII: Staffing firms shall be entered into more than two years fixed term labor contract with the dispatched workers . By mutual agreement , may enter into a labor contract without a fixed term , such term of the contract is to be treated differently , and stable labor relations .

By further protect the interests of workers to form trade unions
Through effective form trade unions at all levels to actively organize workers to join , and ways to provide a platform for the rights of university logistics staff . Not only can the formation of trade unions in the labor dispatch agencies , and colleges and universities can be taken in various ways to form trade unions . For outstanding infringement , trade unions at all levels should play its own role , emphasis on the protection of labor rights and the rights of workers to solve the problem from the source infringement . A healthy development of labor service market, not only the gospel of workers, but also help the university sustained and stable development .