关于国家农业科技园区发展对策研究

First, the National Agricultural Science and Technology Park Development Status

一、国家农业科技园区的发展现状

After joining the WTO, China's exports of agricultural products trade environment changes, China's agricultural products will be directly involved in international competition, agriculture and rural economic development will face a more open market environment and more intense market competition. At this time, the National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in promoting industrialization of agriculture has a significant contribution.

加入WTO后，我国农产品的出口贸易环境发生改变，我国农产品将直接参与国际竞争，农业和农村经济发展将面临更加开放的市场环境和更加激烈的市场竞争。此时，国家农业科技园区在推进农业产业化经营方面有着显著贡献。

But there are some drawbacks: First. Agricultural Science and Technology Park,  China's agricultural science and technology development is now just a model or a regional agricultural science and technology innovation base, and its position has not been fully confirmed. And technology departments at all levels of government support is still a lack of clear, stable support policies and support channels. Second, with the main body of investment, production and operation of the park mechanism is not flexible enough, the direct economic benefits is not guaranteed, the majority belong to the "image projects." Third, agricultural science and technology park and technological achievements of science and technology talent shortage problem is still outstanding. First, the park's own lack of scientific and technological strength, the second is in the process of scientific and technological achievements into the problem of poor mechanisms exist.

但同时也有一些缺点：第一。农业科技园区现在只是我国农业科技发展的一种模式或一个区域性农业科技创新基地，其地位并未得到完全确认。在各级政府与科技部门扶持上仍缺乏明确、稳定的支持政策和支持途径。第二，由于政府是投资主体，园区生产经营的机制不够灵活，直接经济效益不能完全保证，多数属于“形象工程”。第三，农业科技园区的科技人才和科技成果不足问题仍比较突出。一是园区自身科技力量不足，二是在科技成果转化过程中存在机制不畅问题。 

Second, the National Agricultural Technology Park Development Strategy

 

"Government guidance. Enterprise operation, intermediary participation, farmers benefit" shall be the national basic principles of agricultural science and technology park, gradually standardize the development of the park. Government should attach great importance to agricultural science and technology park construction indeed as the promotion of agriculture and rural development in the region a major issue. In the investment mechanism, the basic form of government investment leading to social investment, to create a pattern of diversified investment and financing system. In the management model, the local leadership team and the park has a variety of forms, functions clear the park management agencies, organization and coordination of services, the implementation of national policies and local matching policies to guide local park development planning and implementation supervision, as park construction and development to create a good environment.

(2) institutional innovation and mechanism innovation

Today, the National Agricultural Science and Technology Park of the key tasks is institutional innovation and mechanism innovation, and began to form their own characteristics typical patterns and experience. As some park's "Run Corporation, the investment proprietorship, technology contracting system, linking farmers contract," the park operating mechanism, in line with market requirements of economic and industrial development, basically taking into account the business, science and technology, the interests of all farmers , to better coordinate the government guidance, enterprise participation and farmers benefit relationship. Mode of operation in the park, set up the main business parks, the implementation of corporate system operation. Local high-tech enterprises by "independent, self-financing, self-restraint, self-development" principle formation, management and operation, to establish a "clear property rights, clear responsibilities and rights, separating the management" of the modern enterprise system. In addition, the development of joint-stock operations of the park's development drive, in equity allocated to achieve demutualization.

(3) Strengthen capacity-building and technology development and technology support system construction

Recruit talent, strengthen Neiyinwailian. Establish a stable source of technical support and technology, strengthen research, agricultural science and education, all countries should become agricultural science and technology park to focus on building science and technology support system tasks. In the works, and some parks a joint or collaborative model, and research institutes to carry out scientific and technological development, research and the formation of research, testing, production, sales of the Commonwealth, relying on universities, research institutes strong technical force, filters , the introduction of achievements, improve technical reserves and applications. Or hire some way with the introduction of the park. Vigorously the introduction of foreign high-level talent and advanced scientific and technological achievements. Establishment of specialist funds, earmarked for research and development and compensation experts transformation to enhance the park project and technological level. Some of the park to play a leading role in the government formed by the research institutes, universities, agricultural science and technology sector, farmers and other professional and technical associations composed of multi-disciplinary, multi-unit collaborative technology team, protect the park and technological support capacity building.

4 Founder of agricultural science and technology park in the agricultural business incubator, fostering scientific and technological enterprises

Some areas should fully play its role in regional advantages and preferential policies. Founder of "corporate business park", "Pioneer Park Dr.", "Business Incubation Center", "technology incubator" and other types of agricultural science and technology business incubator park to attract and cultivate various types of technology-based enterprises, and encourage scientific research institutions, professional and technical personnel to start a business, or using a variety of ways to participate in agriculture, industry, technology transfer, science parks, contracting and services. Incubators for the agricultural high-tech entrepreneurs to the park to provide living, office, laboratory space, arrange for some money right into the park production and processing enterprises in agricultural science and technology, infrastructure construction and other aspects of land lease subsidies for land acquisition, giving tax relief concessions, the formalities for hosting companies implement unpaid by the park management services.

5 to Agricultural Technology Park as the center, build a regional agricultural science and technology innovation base extension service system

National Agricultural Science and Technology Park is a very important role in science and technology through the main line. Information exchange as a link, demonstration and extension as a means to effectively do practical things for farmers, the fine varieties, advanced technology, expertise and a wealth of information to farmers, improving their own quality, and promote the upgrading of agriculture as a whole. Surrounding areas in the demonstration area of ​​guidance and regulation of the market mechanism, through technical training, technical services and other means. The promotion of new technologies, new varieties, and promote rural economic development, drive around the countryside and farmers to get rich.

 

Third, the summary and discussion

 

In summary, this paper carried on national agricultural science and technology park development and current situation analysis, the proposed five aspects should strengthen its development. To establish an environment conducive to sustainable development of the park, with innovative features open park operation mechanism.

In addition, the development of national agricultural science and technology park to be considered when the park land issues. National Agricultural Technology Park land use from a general development or industrial park, which is based on scientific and technological support to achieve the appropriate scale of land. But now there are still some park land use need to take seriously the issue, first park land ownership and land transfer, land ownership is not clear, unreasonable distribution of income will directly harm the interests of farmers, but also affect the park's construction and development. The second is park land use structure and function. If the land-use and multi-functional area development studies, lack of standardized land use structure standards, will result in land use structure is irrational. The third is the park land use efficiency, which is key to the success of the park. If you only pay attention to the level of output, ignore the cost of management and accounting, the park will cause the production of high value, low efficiency, competition in the market at a disadvantage. Therefore. Practice in the park with the development process, but also to strengthen the relationship with the park land property income distribution, land use efficiency extensive research and evaluation indicators.