management essay_管理变化的能力-乔布斯

Steven Paul Steve Jobs February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011 was an American entrepreneur. He is best known as the co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. Through Apple, he was widely recognized as a charismatic pioneer of the personal computer revolution and for his influential career in the computer and consumer electronics fields. Jobs also co-founded and served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, when Disney acquired Pixar.

 

After a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm, which was spun off as Pixar. He was credited in Toy Story (1995) as an executive producer. He served as CEO and majority shareholder until Disney's purchase of Pixar in 2006. In 1996, after Apple had failed to deliver its operating system, Copland, Gil Amelio turned to NeXT Computer, and the NeXTSTEP platform became the foundation for the Mac OS X. Jobs returned to Apple as an advisor, and took control of the company as an interim CEO. Jobs brought Apple from near bankruptcy to profitability by 1998.

 

As the new CEO of the company, Jobs oversaw the development of the iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone, and iPad, and on the services side, the company's Apple Retail Stores, iTunes Store and the App Store. The success of these products and services provided several years of stable financial returns, and propelled Apple to become the world's most valuable publicly traded company in 2011. The reinvigoration of the company is regarded by many commentators as one of the greatest turnarounds in business history.

 

In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreas neuroendocrine tumor. Though it was initially treated, he reported a hormone imbalance, underwent a liver transplant in 2009, and appeared progressively thinner as his health declined. On medical leave for most of 2011, Jobs resigned in August that year, and was elected Chairman of the Board. He died of respiratory arrest related to his metastatic tumor on October 5, 2011.

 

Jobs has received a number of honors and public recognition for his influence in the technology and music industries. He has widely been referred to as "legendary", a "futurist" or simply "visionary", and has been described as the "Father of the Digital Revolution", a "master of innovation", and a "design perfectionist".

 

1.2个人生活-PERSONAL LIFE

Jobs's birth parents met at the University of Wisconsin. Abdulfattah "John" Jandali, from Syria, taught there. Joanne Carole Schieble was his student; they were the same age because Jandali had "gotten his PhD really young." Schieble had a career as a speech language pathologist. Jandali taught political science at the University of Nevada in the 1960s, and then made his career in the food and beverage industry, and since 2006, has been a vice president at a casino in Reno, Nevada. In December 1955, ten months after giving up their baby boy, Schieble and Jandali married. In 1957 they had a daughter, Mona. They divorced in 1962, and Jandali lost touch with his daughter. Her mother remarried and had Mona take the surname of her stepfather, so she became known as Mona Simpson.

 

In the 1980s, Jobs found his birth mother, Joanne Schieble Simpson, who told him he had a biological sister, Mona Simpson. They met for the first time in 1985 and became close friends. The siblings kept their relationship secret until 1986, when Mona introduced him at a party for her first book.

 

After deciding to search for their father, Simpson found Jandali managing a coffee shop. Without knowing who his son had become, Jandali told Mona that he had previously managed a popular restaurant in the Silicon Valley where "Even Steve Jobs used to eat there. Yeah, he was a great tipper." In a taped interview with his biographer Walter Isaacson, aired on 60 Minutes, Jobs said: "When I was looking for my biological mother, obviously, you know, I was looking for my biological father at the same time, and I learned a little bit about him and I didn't like what I learned. I asked her to not tell him that we ever met...not tell him anything about me." Jobs was in occasional touch with his mother Joanne Simpson, who lives in a nursing home in Los Angeles. When speaking about his biological parents, Jobs stated: "They were my sperm and egg bank. That's not harsh, it's just the way it was, a sperm bank thing, nothing more." Jandali stated in an interview with the The Sun in August 2011, that his efforts to contact Jobs were unsuccessful. Jandali mailed in his medical history after Jobs's pancreatic disorder was made public that year.#p#分页标题#e#

 

Jobs demonstrating the iPhone 4 to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev on June 23, 2010

 

Jobs once dated Joan Baez for a few years. Elizabeth Holmes, a friend of Jobs from his time at Reed College, believed that Jobs was interested in Baez because she had been the lover of Bob Dylan" (Dylan was the Apple icon's favorite musician). Jobs confided in Joanna Hoffman his concerns about the relationship. She would later tell his official biographer "She was a strong woman, and he wanted to show he was in control. Plus, he always said he wanted to have a family, and with her he knew that he wouldn't.

 

Jobs was also a fan of The Beatles. He referred to them on multiple occasions at Keynotes and also was interviewed on a showing of a Paul McCartney concert. When asked about his business model on 60 Minutes, he replied:

 

My model for business is The Beatles: They were four guys that kept each other's negative tendencies in check; they balanced each other. And the total was greater than the sum of the parts. Great things in business are never done by one person; they are done by a team of people.

 

In 1982, Jobs bought an apartment in The San Remo, an apartment building in New York City with a politically progressive reputation. With the help of I. M. Pei, Jobs spent years renovating his apartment in the top two floors of the building's north tower, only to sell it almost two decades later to U2 singer Bono. Jobs never moved in.

 

In 1984, Jobs purchased the Jackling House, a 17,000-square-foot (1,600 m2), 14-bedroom Spanish Colonial mansion designed by George Washington Smith in Woodside, California. Although it reportedly remained in an almost unfurnished state, Jobs lived in the mansion for almost ten years. According to reports, he kept a 1966 BMW R60/2 motorcycle in the living room, and let Bill Clinton use it in 1998. From the early 1990s, Jobs lived in a house in the Old Palo Alto neighborhood of Palo Alto. President Clinton dined with Jobs and 14 Silicon Valley CEOs there on August 7, 1996, at a meal catered by Greens Restaurant. Clinton returned the favor and Jobs, who was a Democratic donor, slept in the Lincoln bedroom of the White House.

 

Jobs usually wore a black long-sleeved mock turtleneck made by Issey Miyake (that was sometimes reported to be made by St. Croix), Levi's 501 blue jeans, and New Balance 991 sneakers. Jobs told Walter Isaacson "...he came to like the idea of having a uniform for himself, both because of its daily convenience (the rationale he claimed) and its ability to convey a signature style." He was a pescetarian.

 

Jobs's car was silver Mercedes-Benz SL 55 AMG, which did not display its license plates, as he took advantage of a California law which gives a maximum of six months for new vehicles to receive plates; Jobs leased a new SL every six months. Jobs involved himself with the details of designing his 78-metre luxury yacht Venus to keep thoughts of death at bay. It is also designed by Philippe Starck, and named after the deity.#p#分页标题#e#

 

Jobs contributed to a number of political candidates and causes during his life, giving $209,000 to Democrats, $45,700 to associated special interests and $1,000 to a Republican.

 

1.3健康问题-Health issues

Jobs addressing concerns about his health in 2008.In October 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with cancer, and in mid-2004, he announced to his employees that he had a cancerous tumor in his pancreas. The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is usually very poor; Jobs stated that he had a rare, far less aggressive type known as islet cell neuroendocrine tumor. Despite his diagnosis, Jobs resisted his doctors' recommendations for mainstream medical intervention for nine months, instead consuming a special alternative medicine diet in an attempt to thwart the disease, before finally having surgery in July 2004. According to Harvard researcher Ramzi Amri, his choice of alternative treatment led to an unnecessarily early death. He eventually underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy (or "Whipple procedure") in July 2004 that appeared to successfully remove the tumor.

 

In early August 2006, Jobs delivered the keynote for Apple's annual Worldwide Developers Conference. His "thin, almost gaunt" appearance and unusually "listless" delivery, together with his choice to delegate significant portions of his keynote to other presenters, inspired a flurry of media and Internet speculation about his health

 

Two years later, similar concerns followed Jobs's 2008 WWDC keynote address. Apple officials stated Jobs was victim to a "common bug" and was taking antibiotics, while others surmised his cachectic appearance was due to the Whipple procedure.

 

In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant at Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute in Memphis, Tennessee. Jobs's prognosis was described as "excellent".

 

On January 17, 2011, a year and a half after Jobs returned from his liver transplant, Apple announced that he had been granted a medical leave of absence. Jobs announced his leave in a letter to employees, stating his decision was made "so he could focus on his health

 

Jobs announced his resignation as Apple's CEO on August 24, 2011. "Unfortunately, that day has come", wrote Jobs, for he could "no longer meet his duties and expectations as Apple's CEO". Jobs became chairman of the board and named Tim Cook his successor. Jobs continued to work for Apple until the day before his death

 

1.4专业的人生-1.4 PROFFESIONAL LIFE

Wealth

Although Jobs earned only $1 a year as CEO of Apple, Jobs held 5.426 million Apple shares worth $2.1 billion, as well as 138 million shares in Disney (which he received in exchange for Disney's acquisition of Pixar) worth $4.4 billion. Jobs quipped that the $1 per annum he was paid by Apple was based on attending one meeting for 50 cents while the other 50 cents was based on his performance. Forbes estimated his net wealth at $8.3 billion in 2010, making him the 42nd-wealthiest American.#p#分页标题#e#

 

Stock options backdating issue

Steve Jobs and Bill Gates at the fifth D: All Things Digital conference (D5) in 2007

 

In 2001, Jobs was granted stock options in the amount of 7.5 million shares of Apple with an exercise price of $18.30. It was alleged that the options had been backdated, and that the exercise price should have been $21.10. It was further alleged that Jobs had thereby incurred taxable income of $20,000,000 that he did not report, and that Apple overstated its earnings by that same amount. As a result, Jobs potentially faced a number of criminal charges and civil penalties. The case was the subject of active criminal and civil government investigations, though an independent internal Apple investigation completed on December 29, 2006, found that Jobs was unaware of these issues and that the options granted to him were returned without being exercised in 2003.

 

Reality distortion field

Apple's Bud Tribble coined the term "reality distortion field" in 1981, to describe Jobs's charisma and its effects on the developers working on the Macintosh project. Tribble claimed that the term came from Star Trek. Since then the term has also been used to refer to perceptions of Jobs's keynote speeches.

 

The RDF was said by Andy Hertzfeld to be Steve Jobs's ability to convince him and others to believe almost anything, using a mix of charm, charisma, bravado, hyperbole, marketing, appeasement, and persistence. Although the subject of criticism, Jobs's so-called reality distortion field was also recognized as creating a sense that the impossible was possible. Once the term became widely known, it was often used in the technology press to describe Jobs's sway over the public, particularly regarding new product announcements.

 

发明和设计-Inventions and designs

Jobs's design aesthetic was influenced by the modernist architectural style of Joseph Eichler, and the industrial designs of Braun's Dieter Rams. His design sense was also greatly influenced by the Buddhism which he experienced in India while on a seven-month spiritual journey. His sense of intuition was also influenced by the spiritual people with whom he studied.

 

Even while terminally ill in the hospital, Jobs sketched new devices that would hold the iPad in a hospital bed. He also despised the oxygen monitor on his finger and suggested ways to revise the design for simplicity.

 

麦金塔计算机-The Macintosh Computer

The Macintosh was introduced in January 1984. The computer had no "Mac" name on the front, but rather just the Apple logo. The Macintosh had a friendly appearance since it was meant to be easy to use. The disk drive is below the display, the Macintosh was taller, narrower, more symmetrical, and far more suggestive of a face. The Macintosh was identified as a computer that ordinary people could understand.#p#分页标题#e#

 

The NeXT Computer

After Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985, he started a company that built workstation computers. The NeXT Computer was introduced in 1989. Sir Tim Berners-Lee created the world's first web browser on the NeXT Computer. The NeXT Computer was the basis for today's Macintosh OS X and iPhone operating system (iOS).

 

iMac

Apple iMac was introduced in 1998 and its innovative design was directly the result of Jobs's return to Apple. Apple boasted "the back of our computer looks better than the front of anyone else's". Described as "cartoonlike" the first iMac, clad in Bondi Blue plastic, was unlike any personal computer that came before.

 

iPod

The first generation of iPod was released October 23, 2001. The major innovation of the iPod was its small size achieved by using a 1.8" hard drive compared to the 2.5" drives common to players at that time. The capacity of the first generation iPod ranged from 5G to 10 Gigabytes. The iPod sold for US$399 and more than 100,000 iPods were sold before the end of 2001. The introduction of the iPod resulted in Apple becoming a major player in the music industry. Also, the iPod's success prepared the way for the iTunes music store and the iPhone. After the 1st generation of iPod, Apple released the hard drive-based iPod classic, the touchscreen iPod Touch, video-capable iPod Nano, screen less iPod Shuffle in the following years.

 

iPhone

Apple began work on the first iPhone in 2005 and the first iPhone was released on June 29, 2007. The iPhone created such a sensation that a survey indicated six out of ten Americans were aware of its release. Time magazine declared it "Invention of the Year" for 2007. In June 2009, the iPhone 3GS, added voice control, a better camera, and a faster processor was introduced by Phil Schiller. A major feature of the iPhone 4S, introduced in October 2011, was Siri, which is a virtual assistant that is capable of voice recognition.

 

慈善事业-Philanthropy

Arik Hesseldahl of BusinessWeek magazine stated that "Jobs isn't widely known for his association with philanthropic causes", compared to Bill Gates's efforts. In contrast to Gates, Jobs did not sign the Giving Pledge of Warren Buffett which challenged the world's richest billionaires to give at least half their wealth to charity. In an interview with Playboy in 1985, Jobs said in respect to money that "the challenges are to figure out how to live with it and to reinvest it back into the world which means either giving it away or using it to express your concerns or values." Jobs also added that when he has some time we would start a public foundation but for now he does charitable acts privately.#p#分页标题#e#

 

After resuming control of Apple in 1997, Jobs eliminated all corporate philanthropy programs initially. Jobs's friends told The New York Times that he felt that expanding Apple would have done more good than giving money to charity. Later, under Jobs, Apple signed to participate in Product Red program, producing red versions of devices to give profits from sales to charity. Apple has gone on to become the largest contributor to the charity since its initial involvement with it. The chief of the Product Red project, singer Bono cited Jobs saying there was "nothing better than the chance to save lives", when he initially approached Apple with the invitation to participate in the program. Through its sales, Apple has been the largest contributor to Product RED's gift to the Global Fund, which fights AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, according to Bono.

 

1.5 ERA

1955: Stephen Paul Jobs is born on Feb. 24.

 

1972: Jobs enrolls at Reed College in Portland, Oregon, but drops out after a semester.

 

1974: Jobs works for video game maker Atari and attends meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club with Steve Wozniak, a high school friend who was a few years older.

 

1975: Jobs and Wozniak attend Homebrew Computer Club meetings.

 

1976: Apple Computer is formed on April fool’s Day, shortly after Wozniak and Jobs create a new computer circuit board in a Silicon Valley garage. A third co-founder, Ron Wayne, leaves the company after less than two weeks. The Apple I computer goes on sale by the summer for $666.66.

 

1977: Apple is incorporated by its founders and a group of venture capitalists. It unveils Apple II, the first personal computer to generate color graphics. Revenue reaches $1 million.

 

1978: Jobs' daughter Lisa is born to girlfriend Chrisann Brennan.

 

1979: Jobs visits Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, or PARC, and is inspired by a computer with a graphical user interface.

 

1980: Apple goes public, raising $110 million in one of the biggest initial public offerings to date.

 

1982: Annual revenue climbs to $1 billion.

 

1983: The Lisa computer goes on sale with much fanfare, only to be pulled two years later. Jobs lures John Sculley away from Pepsico Inc. to serve as Apple's CEO.

 

1984: Iconic "1984" Macintosh commercial directed by Ridley Scott airs during the Super Bowl. The Macintosh computer goes on sale.

 

1985: Jobs and Sculley clash, leading to Jobs' resignation. Wozniak also resigns from Apple this year.

 

1986: Jobs starts Next Inc., a new computer company making high-end machines for universities. He also buys Pixar from "Star Wars" creator George Lucas for $10 million.#p#分页标题#e#

 

1989: First NeXT computer goes on sale with a $6,500 price tag.

 

1991: Apple and IBM Corp. announce an alliance to develop new PC microprocessors and software. Apple unveils portable Macs called PowerBook.

 

1993: Apple introduces the Newton, a hand-held, pen-based computer. The company reports quarterly loss of $188 million in July. Sculley is replaced as CEO by Apple president Michael Spindler. Apple restructures, and Sculley resigns as chairman. At Next, Jobs decides to focus on software instead of whole computers.

 

1994: Apple introduces Power Macintosh computers based on the PowerPC chip it developed with IBM and Motorola. Apple decides to license its operating software and allow other companies to "clone" the Mac, adopting the model championed by Microsoft Corp.

 

1995: The first Mac clones go on sale. Microsoft releases Windows 95, which is easier to use than previous versions and is more like the Mac system. Apple struggles with competition, parts shortages and mistakes predicting customer demand. Pixar's "Toy Story," the first commercial computer-animated feature, hits theaters. Pixar goes to Wall Street with an IPO that raises $140 million.

 

1996: Apple announces plans to buy Next for $430 million for the operating system Jobs' team developed. Jobs is appointed an adviser to Apple. Gil Amelio replaces Spindler as CEO.

 

1997: Jobs becomes "interim" CEO after Amelio is pushed out. He foreshadows the marketing hook for a new product line by calling himself "iCEO." Jobs puts an end to Mac clones.

 

1998: Apple returns to profitability. It shakes up personal computer industry in 1998 with the candy-colored, all-in-one iMac desktop, the original models shaped like a futuristic TV. Apple discontinues the Newton.

 

2000: Apple removes "interim" label from Jobs' CEO title.

 

2001: The first iPod goes on sale, as do computers with OS X, the modern Mac operating system based on Next software. Apple also releases iTunes software.

 

2003: Apple launches the iTunes Music Store with 200,000 songs at 99 cents each, giving people a convenient way to buy music legally online. It sells 1 million songs in the first week.

 

2004: Jobs undergoes surgery for a rare but curable form of pancreatic cancer. Apple discloses his illness after the fact.

 

2005: Apple expands the iPod line with the tiny Nano and an iPod that can play video. The company also announces that future Macs will use Intel chips.

 

2006: Disney buys Pixar for $7.4 billion. Jobs becomes Disney's largest individual shareholder, and much of his wealth is derived from this sale.#p#分页标题#e#

 

2007: Apple releases its first smartphone, the iPhone. Crowds camp overnight at stores to be one of the first to own the new device.

 

2008: Speculation mounts that Jobs is ill, given weight loss. In September he kicks off an Apple event and says, "The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated," making a play off a famous Mark Twain quote after Bloomberg News accidentally publishes, then retracts, an obituary that it had prepared in advance.

 

2009: Jobs explains severe weight loss by saying he has a treatable hormone imbalance and that he will continue to run Apple. Days later he backtracks and announces he will be on medical leave. He returns to work in June. Later it is learned that he received a liver transplant.

 

2010: Apple sells 15 million of its newest gadget, the iPad, in nine months, giving rise to a new category of modern touch-screen tablet computers.

 

Jan. 17, 2011: In a memo to Apple employees, Jobs announces a second medical leave with no set duration. Cook again steps in to run day-to-day operations. Jobs retains CEO title and remains involved in major decisions.

 

Aug. 24, 2011: Apple announces that Jobs is resigning as CEO. Cook takes the CEO title, and Apple names Jobs chairman.

 

Oct. 5, 2011: Jobs dies at 56. Apple announces his death without giving a specific cause.

 

2.1先来先到-2.1 FIRST THINGS FIRST:

Definition:

The most important task gets priority, as in I very much wanted to see that movie, but first things first the papers due tomorrow. This adage was first recorded in 1545.

 

Steve jobs always focused on the issues which he considered to be the most important. Focus and determination was ingrained in his personality. He filtered out what he considered to be distraction. Colleagues and family members would at times be exasperated as they would try to get his attention towards some other issues which they considered important such as a legal problem, bills or medical diagnosis but yet he did not respond to such issues. He never let these issues hinder his performance at work or snatch away his attention. He would always give a cold stare and refuse to shift his laser like focus from the issue which he considers to be more important until he was ready to do so.

 

2.2直接管理-2.2 STRESS MANAGEMENT:

What is stress?

Stress is the body's reaction to a change that requires a physical, mental or emotional adjustment or response. Stress can come from any situation or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry, nervous, or anxious. Stress is caused by an existing stress-causing factor or "stressor

 

Stress management:#p#分页标题#e#

Stress management refers to a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's levels of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of improving everyday functions. Stress produces numerous symptoms which vary according to persons, situations, and severity. These can include physical health decline as well as depression.

 

In 1985 after a powerful struggle with the board of directors Jobs left Apple and formed NEXT a computer platform development company specializing in the higher education and business markets. In 1996, after Apple had failed to deliver its operation system, Copland Gill Amelio turned to NEXT computer and the NEXT step platform become the foundation of Max Osx. Jobs returned to Apple as an advisor and took control of the company as an interim CEO. At this stressful situation Jobs instead of making more blunders and creating more problems, he dealt it in the most effective manner. It was only due to his ability to manage stress that he was able to brought Apple from near bankruptcy to profitability by 1998.

 

2.3创新-2.3 INNOVATION:

According to an editor:

 

“Steve Jobs belongs in the pantheon of America’s great innovators along with Walt Disney and Thomas Edison.”

 

The creation of ipod explains the talent of Steve Jobs as many other companies were manufacturing MP3 players but the success of ipod is the result of a great insight coupled with brilliant execution after Napster’s game was found ultimately illegal Jobs saw that the same technology could create a legal market by ensuring music industry a stream of revenues and huge market as it would allow music lovers to download the songs of their own choice at a very reasonable price. He then created a product that was easy to use and more stylish which he could sell at a high price with huge margins. By far the best selling MP3 player ever the ipod lifted the Apple brand to unprecedented heights giving boost to the Mac sales and reestablishing the image of the company.

 

“The greatest weapon against stress is our ability to choose one thought over another.”

 

William James

 

2.4创造-2.4 CREATIVITY:

The creativity of Steve Jobs is evident from the fact that every Monday morning he would review all the products and the challenges of designing and executing them. It’s one of his social processes for connecting multiple discipline to create compelling products and he was doing it since dozen of years rigorously. He spent time building metal and relationship capital by connecting the newest ideas and brilliant and passionate minds. He was one of the few CEOs doing this practice of connecting the dots. It was due to his creativity that Jobs turned into a hard driving cash generating machine.#p#分页标题#e#

 

2.5ABILITY TO BRING CHANGE AND MANAGE CHANGE:

What is change management?

Change management is an approach to shifting/transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from a current state to a desired future state.

 

The quality of Jobs of bringing new ideas and taking the risk of bringing change makes him quite different from others. In a special board meeting Jobs walked in and saw Apples roughly 2 dozen current products were on display. He began taking them down one by one. When he was done only four were left and those were the ones he said that would give Apple a new life by differentiating it in the market place. He once said:

 

“Deciding not to produce is as important as deciding what to produce”

 

“Our only security is our ability to change” – John Lilly

 

2.6魅力-2.6 CHARISMA

What is charisma? Charisma “involves a relationship between the leader and the people being led”. He points to the different communication styles of charismatic leader as charisma is a key aspect of leadership qualities.jobs had command over his tongue and he had that talent to fold the audience under his wrap by delivering extraordinary speeches using metaphors, Analogies and storytelling. See how he used his interpersonal skills and assertive nature to get hold of the audience and over his employees as well. Further I would like to add an incident in which he used his innovative mind. The story behind ipad.one day he was sitting on the sofa reading a newspaper on Sunday like an ordinary man, but unlike us he came up with an idea why not convert these pages into the digital format, why not make it more handy and make them more comfortable to use, why not do other tasks while reading the newspaper, he noted those points in his mind and came up with the idea of the Ipad. See how jobs used his brainstorming skills. By creating these stories in our head he communicates the advantages of his products most efficiently.

 

His charisma enables him to whip up the enthusiasm of his employees (job involvement) to achieve more by doing seemingly impossible tasks, and also convince customers to buy Apple products

 

2.7个人领导力-2.7 PERSONALIZED LEADERSHIP

He type could be explained as being personalized. In Jobs case this means that he does not only motivate by storytelling but also by force. Job’s is described by some as being manipulative, dishonest, and boorish. An indication for this can be found, when he says, for instance: “My job is to not be easy on people. My job is to make them better. My job is to pull things together from different parts of the company and clear the ways and get the resources for the key projects. And to take these great people we have and to push them and make them even better, coming up with more aggressive visions of how it could be.”#p#分页标题#e#

 

With this thought of jobs we can easily comprehend his nature and his mindset. The only thing on which he used to concentrate were his products and on the efficiency.in the above speech he indirectly stated that no matter what I can compromise on the quality and the efficiency of labor .furthermore his aggressive was reflected when he said that I can also swipe the staff if they don’t work according to my needs.

 

He wants people to follow him, expects obedience and much of it seemingly out of the self-interest, since working at “Apple” is what he considers a valuable goal in his life. “Getting the job” done is highest on his priority list.jobs was an autocratic leader. But sometimes he also gave preference to his employee’s decisions so that they feel motivated.

 

Jobs can be described as being enthusiastic and a visionary, being impatient and having a strong will for achievement. Additionally, Jobs has taken risks and seized on opportunities many times in his career, for instance when leaving Apple (though being forced to) and leading Pixar to success, just to come back to Apple some years later and saving the day for a company in dire straits at the time.

 

2.8史蒂夫。乔布斯的性格特征-2.8 PERSONALITY TRAITS OF STEVE JOBS

Steve jobs was an innovative business leader with all the qualities that charismatic leaders have. He was goal-oriented and a man of vision.

 

他的成就-His qualities:

 

1) Vision and articulation: He had the ability to express his vision and ideas to others in terms that are understandable to others.

 

2) Personal risk: He was always willing to take personal risks and engage in self sacrifice to achieve his vision.

 

3) Unorthodox behavior, do things which are not considered as norms.

 

4) He was sensitive and responsive to others needs and feelings

 

The most important quality about him was that he had vision with degree of clarity which was not unparalleled and ambiguous. Steve Jobs was such leader known for his highest degree of clarity in perceived vision. Walter Isaacson’s biography of Apple’s co-founder, Steve Jobs: The exclusive biography" describes Jobs as an obsessively detail-oriented man who got obsessed with the details of " the design of the case for the Apple II, the shape of the windows on the Mac’s GUI, the colour of iMac blue in its first ad campaign, the machine having a CD slot not a tray, and the lighting at his launch keynotes"#p#分页标题#e#

 

As a leader, he managed his organization’s human capital well.

 

Managed his intellectual capital perfectly by giving proper direction to the knowledge assimilated in the organization in order to generate innovative ideas and develop them into final products.

 

建议-SUGGESTIONS

Jobs have been dead for nearly a year, but the biography about him is still a bestseller. Indeed,His life story has emerged as an odd sort of Holy Scripture for entrepreneurs—a gospel andan anti-gospel at the same time. To some, Jobs’ life has revealed the importance of stickingFirmly to one’s vision and goals, no matter the psychic toll on employees or business associates.To others, Jobs serves as a cautionary tale, a man who changed the world but at the price ofalienating almost everyone around him. The divergence in these reactions is a testament to thetwo deep and often contradictory hungers that drive so many of us today: We want to succeed in the world of work, but we also want satisfaction in the realm of home and family. For those who, like Jobs, have pledged to “put a dent in the universe,” his thorny life story has forced a reckoning. Is it really worth being like Steve? Here in this article; Steve Jobs work is seen from two different perspectives: Acolyte, Rejector. Acolytes: They’re business people who have taken the life of Steve Jobs as license to become more aggressive as visionaries, as competitors, and above all as bosses. They’re giving themselves over to the thrill of being a general—and, at times, a dictator. Work was already the center of their lives, but Jobs’ story has made them resolve to double down on that choice. Rejectors: These are entrepreneurs who, on reading about Jobs since his death, have recoiled from the total picture of the man—not just his treatment of employees but the dictatorial, uncompromising way that he approached life.In one camp, Jobs has taught people that only work is the thing in this world, alienating all the social life behind. Join or get out of the way—it’s a phrase that sums up what Jobs’ life.The business tycoons point out that Jobs’ brashness has helped inspire a larger reaction to#p#分页标题#e# several decades of conventional wisdom about the importance of worker empowerment and consensus decision- making. Jobs is showing us the value in the old-school, autocratic way. We’ve gone so far toward the other extreme, toward a bovine sociology in which happy cows are supposed to produce more milk. That is, it took a hippie-geek like Jobs to give other bosses permission to be aggressive and domineering again. What acolytes want most of all is to possess the same certainty about their vision that Jobs felt about his. Neal Sales-Griffin, 25- year-old cofounder and CEO of Code Academy, a programming school in Chicago. In second camp, there are the rejectors who, on reading about Jobs since his death, have recoiled from the total picture of the man—not just his treatment of employees but the dictatorial, uncompromising way that he approached life. Isaacson’s biography is full of stories of Jobs as an unpleasant individual—the fits he would throw over the most picayune-seeming details, like the type of flowers in his hotel room or the way an aging Whole Foods barista made his smoothie. He would park in handicap spaces; he refused to get a license plate for his car.And he abandoned his oldest daughter, applying his “reality distortion field” to the question of his own paternity. These people know that quelling their Jobs-like tendencies will be a struggle.They are by nature strivers, perfectionists. They also know that their retreat from the struggle—adopting a lifestyle-centric approach to business—means they will never accomplish as much as they would have otherwise, let alone as Jobs did. If they used to release six products a year,now they produce only two. If previously they sent out three dozen emails during the dinner hours, then now they make do with sending just a few. Rather than planning to take their startups public, they are shooting for enough profit to sustain their employees and themselves.To create the lifestyle they want, or need, these entrepreneurs are reining in their compulsions, imposing limits on themselves.

 

参考-REFRENCES

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/steve-jobs/8810045/Steve-Jobs-timeline.html

 

http://stressfullyspeaking.blogspot.com/2011/10/importance-of-right-and-left-brain.html#p#分页标题#e#

 

http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/01/25/how-steve-jobs-gets-things-done/

 

http://stevejobs2012.blogspot.com/2012/01/steve-jobs-was-considered-assertive.html

 

http://www.strategy-business.com/article/00109?gko=d331b

 

http://biztatek.blogspot.com/

 

http://www.sagepresence.com/communication-skills-for-leaders-how-to-be-a-visionary-part-i/

 

http://www.wired.com/business/2012/07/ff_stevejobs/all/