斯皮尔伯格拍电影的技巧分析的Media Management Essay

《大白鲨》是史蒂文•斯皮尔伯格的一部作品。这部电影由著名导演斯皮尔伯格执导并制作，他还拍摄了很多其他获奖电影如《拯救大兵瑞恩》和《印第安纳•琼斯》系列。惊悚片《大白鲨》是在1975年7月4日在爱德岛取景拍摄的。爱德岛是一个夏日旅游度假胜地，在国定假日很多人都会来这里庆祝很重要的美国独立日。斯皮尔伯格决定在七月四日拍摄《大白鲨》的原因是因为此时海滩度假酒店将会有很多游客和度假者。这样的话，当游客们在杀手鲨鱼活动区域产生很多噪音时，鲨鱼就会被这些声音吸引来到度假村。
 

转换摄像机的角度在拍摄鲨鱼的场景时起了很大的作用。在电影开始时，你会看见一个吸烟的男学生汤姆（乔纳森菲利）面前有一片火海，然而他的眼睛却看着坐的离其他人有点远的克丽丝（苏珊班克林尼），这种拍摄称为特写（微处理机控制器）镜头。第二种拍摄叫视点(POV)镜头，就是当鲨鱼越来越靠近受害者的时候，观众会不自觉得想“拉着你的脚”。
 

Jaw is a Steven Spielberg film. It was directed and produced by the legendary Steven Spielberg, who has also directed other award winning films such as Saving Private Ryan and the Indiana Jones series. The thriller story was set at Amity Islands on the 4th July 1975. Amity Islands is a summer holiday resort, where large amounts of people come to spend the very important American Independence Day, national holiday. The reason for it being set on the 4th July is because the beach resort would be fully packed with tourists and holiday makers. Therefore, the killer shark would have had a lot of people making the noise and movement in the area would have attracted the shark towards the island resort.
 

Camera angle played a large part in setting the mood for Jaws. In the beginning you see the smoking male student, Tom (Jonathan Filley) is facing away from the fire, his eyes on Chrissie (Susan Backlinie) , who sits apart from the others and that is called a medium close-up (MCU) shot. The second camera shot is a point of view (POV) shot is when the sharks is getting closer to his victims and were thinking ‘pull your feet away'. The wide angle shot is used when the girl is swimming in the huge ocean. This shows that she is tiny compare to the big dangerous ocean. Also there is a title frame at the beginning of the movie with a high angle shot this shows the teenagers are weak and defenceless if they go into the water.
 

The music plays a huge part in the movie (Jaws), also the music is famous. In the music sequence whenever the shark is near or attacking it has its own theme tune. This tune is made to build tension because when you hear that music you know it's the shark and that something is obviously going to happen. Although at some part of the movie it does trick you by playing the music but nothing really exciting happens. Two other examples of music or silence is used to scare the audience to build tension is when the radio is playing on the beach then after the attack its silence and when all the characters at the beginning are sat around a fire and music is playing cheerfully which contrasts on what we all know is about to happen.#p#分页标题#e#
 

At the start of the movie you see the two teenagers decide to run off and the sound of happiness starts to fade away and the theme music starts to fade in. Only the girl enters the water and the music is very quiet, slow and gradually increases in pace and this suggests the shark is getting closer. All of a sudden you find yourself underwater from the sharks point of view to show that the shark is swimming closer and closer so the music gets more dramatic and as the shark gets the girl she starts to panic and you can see the way she is struggling because at this point the music is really loud and dramatic. Because as she disappears underwater the music stops because the tension has already developed and makes the viewers would wonder when this is going to happen again.
 

Spielberg takes a long time to introduce the shark because it's building up tension and suspicious for the audience. The suspicious is build when in the beginning you see the title; you see a shadow of the shark in the ocean. The tension is build when the two teenagers start to run in the ocean and when the music starts to play.
 

In order for Spielberg to create tension in the movie. Spielberg uses the shark to space his attacks, so he can create tension and suspicious in the movie. He made Brody, Quint and Hooper to stay in the boat for a while before the attack because you can see them bond with each other's so the end can be more dramatic, when Hooper dies. In the movie our emotions change a lot because there are so many things developing in the movie and the shark spaces his attacks a lot, especially when the shark goes on the boat and eats Hooper bit by bit.
 

In the movie, we like Brody because he is a family man and he is the chief of police who is trying to protect the people from the shark. We also like Quint (Robert Shaw) because he is a specialist on shark and is helping Brody (Roy Schreider) capture the shark. From all the characters we dislike Hooper (Richard Dreyfuss) because he only wants to kill the shark, the money he is going to get when he captures the shark and when Brody wants to call for help he smashes the phone. We are scared for Brody because he has family which the shark could kill. In the movie when Quint, Brody and Hooper are fighting they make us scared about them because they could die if they don't concentrate on the shark and work as a team.
 

Spielberg makes good films, there is no doubt about that ‘Jaws' is no different, it's a thrilling to see, it's suspenseful and it has entertainment value. So if you ask me if I like it? I would probably say yes I do like it. My favourite characters in ‘Jaws' would have to be chief Brody, Hooper and Quint. Brody (Roy Scheider) is a very human character with his fear of the water, which he overcomes to show how a true hero behaves. Hooper (Richard Dreyfuss) is smart and rich, macho shark hunter Quint (Robert Shaw), who calls him a “city boy counting money all his time.” Hooper counters that he doesn't “need any working – class hero stuff.” They represent two different side of human nature, but of course in the wonderful ‘share your scars ‘scene, they all become dear (at least, drunk) friends. Of course at this point, there not really sure if any of them will survive. The thing I really like about all three characters is their humour.#p#分页标题#e#
 

In Jaws my favourite is the first appearance of Brody. The music just builds and builds to match the tension on the screen until the very last crescendo when Hooper says “hook up another barrel; I'm coming around again.....” Up until that scene, the men really didn't know what they were up against. The shark was faceless invisible monster that they knew they had to capture but, judging from the casual talk preceding this scene, they weren't talking it too seriously, until that head came out of the water and plunged everyone ( except Quint) into a state of confusion and alarm. Everything about this scene is perfect! The acting, the filming and of course the famous music!
 

Stephan Spielberg builds up tension by what you can see, camera shots/angles and what you can hear. The thing that builds up tension the most is the title sequence, the camera seems to be swimming in the murly water. The slow dramatic music builds tension as the tempo gets faster and faster so it seems you are the shark that is approaching his prey. Then the music suddenly stops as if he has caught his prey. Then it switches the scene from scary music to calm harmonica playing around the fire on the shore of Amity Island. When Quint is capture by the shark's mouth you can see a soft white mat, under Quint to protect him, if you couldn't see that there would be more tension to the scene.