政府工程质量监督问题的对策 Government engineering quality supervision and countermeasure of the problem

Quality supervision method 质量监管方法

 

对工程质量监管实行精细化监管。建立工程质量保证体系评估考核办法，对企业的工程质量保证体系状况进行综合评估。将评估结果与企业信用、市场竞争、政府监管力度相结合，有效约束和规范企业的质量管理行为，推动工程质量监督由点到面，由依靠人力管理向依靠制度管理转变，质量管理实现由实体监管向实体监管和制度责任监管并重的转变。

 

按照突出重点、分类监管原则，集中资源加强对重点领域、重点环节和影响突出问题的监督。进一步完善工程质量、建材使用等方面管理的相关法规，提高监管措施的针对性和可操作性，提高监管效果和效率提供坚实保障。
 

For the engineering quality supervision fine regulation. Set up project quality assurance system of evaluation method, to the enterprise comprehensive assessment of the situation of the engineering quality guarantee system. Will assess result and enterprise credit, market competition and government regulation, the combination of effective constraint and regulate the behavior of enterprise quality management, promote the project quality supervision institution transference, by relying on human management to rely on the system transformation, quality management implementation regulation by the entity to the entity responsibility of supervision and regulation and system transformation. 

 

According to the priority, the principle of classification regulation, pooling resources to strengthen key areas, key links and the supervision of the outstanding problems. To further improve the construction quality, building materials using management of related laws and regulations, improve the regulatory measures of pertinence and operability, improve the efficiency of regulation effect and provide a solid guarantee. 

 

Laws and regulations 法规制度
 

Of engineering quality supervision at present already can not adapt to the government to revise laws and regulations, improve the administration of quality supervision, quality inspection and completion inspection and acceptance for the record, quality insurance of each link of the laws and regulations and management system, form a scientific and complete quality system, to improve the quality of regulatory measures of pertinence and operability, increase the efficiency of the regulation provides the guarantee of laws and regulations. 
 

Performance of the government administrative functions according to law. According to "administrative licensing law", the study of existing government regulatory function classification, phasing out generation owners, intermediary organizations, contracting enterprise, industry organization management function, the regulatory focus is transferred to public security, public health and public interests, ensure the accurate positioning of government functions and management of scientific and efficient. Strengthen the supervision of market difficult issues. To start without a license, subcontract, illegal subcontracting and all overdue payments related to the key, to carry out the inspection activities, through the news media public exposure and limit the tendering and bidding, crack down on illegal illegal behavior of market transactions, and improve the market environment. The construction market and construction site formation "two linkage mechanism. #p#分页标题#e#

 

Administrative reform 管理改变

 

On the premise of clear division of duties, the administrative government engineering quality supervision work within the scope of the grid management, realize the city (province), district (county), street (township) means a apanage management mode. (province), city is built appoint to formulate unified working procedures, standards, rules and processes, to guide the district or county construction committee in accordance with the unified standards, rules and procedures for administrative permission and administrative matters. To speed up the tangible market integration at all levels. According to the principle of "unified construction, reasonable layout", make full use of existing resources, with the physical construction market integration, the establishment of unified tangible market management system. To continue the healthy physical market trading floor, facilities, expand the service functions, improve the management level. Focus on strengthening the construction of district tangible market, to achieve tangible market at all levels in the working standard, to run the program and the unification of the internal management system, etc, for the implementation of bidding activities and the effective regulation provide a platform of engineering quality. 

 

To establish and perfect the external and internal law enforcement supervision system, in combination with the practical research of Beijing construction engineering reform enforcement system, establish a comprehensive law enforcement, form a complete set of professional law enforcement of the law enforcement system. Gradually establish responsibilities clear, behavior standards, supervision and effective, powerful safeguard mechanism of administrative law enforcement work. The all-round law enforcement responsibility system, standardize law enforcement main body, to carry out the law enforcement responsibility, strict law enforcement process, further improve the law enforcement personnel quality. According to regulation of conventional and unconventional, sudden, study the different way of regulation, integration of regulatory resources, maximize regulatory role. 

 

Perfect the industry regulations, standard system. Establishing scientific legislative work mechanism, based on industry practice, to grasp the key legislation, focus on the problem of universality and regularity, refining the administrative penalty clause, solve the market operational regulations, pertinence is not strong and imperfect supporting measures, improve the effect of market regulation and oversight. Focus on energy saving and resource saving, clean production, building materials, engineering insurance and guarantee guarantee, credit system and other aspect, the formulation and revision of the laws and regulations. Study on engineering construction standard system framework, based on the standard formulation work in a planned way, actively promote various basic standards, special standards and product standards. #p#分页标题#e#

 

In order to make the good faith construction of engineering quality supervision work to become an important part of important content, or can be viewed from two aspects: one is that the current government annual examination of construction enterprise is a kind of "market clearing" system, this system should be record with the process of engineering quality supervision or problems found in the process of engineering quality supervision effectively. Market clearing system can be divided into two situations: one is the violation of the principles, the construction project quality management ordinance or other terms of the laws and regulations, to constitute a violation behavior, the quality of the administrative punishments directly removed, namely lower qualification or revoked; A second clear is that according to the regulations on administration of construction enterprise qualifications, whether will violate mandatory technical standards and yearly check whether qualified enterprise dynamic linked together. The cleanup is not administrative punishment, but does not conform to the market access conditions of the main responsibility of each a dynamic management mode. Units and personnel in violation of laws and regulations according to the different grades of case records, score corresponds to a different approach, different government departments to deal with these units or personnel, deal directly with the construction market linkage, limit the qualification of bidding. Second, establish enterprise record. Bad record contains two aspects: on the one hand, an oversight authority in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations to regulate the responsibility main body, the supervision and found problems in the process of recording; On the other hand to the poor record of "building products" itself. Such as supervision of a residential development and construction process, the problems existing in the network and the media, both can service buyers, also on the behavior of the developer and the quality of building products effective constraint. 

 

First of all should be scientific and rational definition of engineering supervision responsibility, strive to resolve to establish responsibility and power imbalances. Bidding ways to protect the interests of supervision industry and improve the supervision, strengthen the supervision of the contract for the record management, on the basis of professional coefficient, supervision of engineering complexity and determine the fare adjustment coefficient, strictly guarantee to pay the cost of supervision and related services. To carry out the supervision responsibility, strengthen the construction site supervision personnel do not reach the designated position, personnel qualifications do not meet the requirements of the regulation, shall carry out the fine evaluation system of supervision units, and market access and business contracts, give full play to the supervision on the construction site of the "three control two tube one coordination" functions. #p#分页标题#e#

 

Strengthen the revision work of quality inspection regulations, standardize and strengthen the quality inspection work regulation, promote the healthy and stable development of detection industry, to test the ability of enterprise, to further improve the function of inspection supervision information system at the same time, plans to increase contract filing management, test report and unqualified items processing information feedback, etc. 

 

Highlight the regulation of risk source 强调监管的风险来源

 

According to the quality supervision responsibilities, risk supervision mainly concentrated in the project construction phase. Construction phase is given priority to with the implementation of the risk management and control measures, and construction risk dynamic tracking and monitoring. Construction plan is the important basis for guiding the construction, so the risk source construction of the special plan of the enterprise to formulate key supervision, expert argumentation, and examination and approval procedures. In solution in the process of implementation, we should strengthen to the enterprise whether monitoring tracking major risk source of dynamic management, monitoring, measurement and other daily supervision. According to the situation of construction site, use the third party monitoring data compared with their own monitoring data, determine the accuracy and authenticity. In addition, can also with appropriate qualifications entrusted by the unit to evaluate risk, government departments to carry out differentiation regulation according to the result of assessment, timely control, dissolve the project risk source. This article from the perspective of public management to government engineering quality supervisory system are studied, especially under the condition of market economy of our country government engineering supervision system of the evolution and development condition has carried on the comprehensive analysis. Through research shows that the government is faced with the problem of engineering construction scale, multiple, high requirement, the serious situation of the current supervision system, such as incomplete laws and regulations, the nature of the watchdog does not explicitly, backward way of supervision, supervision and focus on a series of problems such as blind, already cannot satisfy with the quality of the engineering construction scale to match the supervision system, there is no guarantee that public security and realizing the goal of public interests. Through government engineering supervision system at home and abroad for reference, combining the actual situation in our country, puts forward five countermeasures to perfect the government engineering quality supervisory system, is a perfect market operating mechanism, 2 it is to improve the project quality supervision system, three is to strengthen the administrative capacity building, four is the focus in the field of quality supervision, the fifth is to strengthen the construction of informatization. #p#分页标题#e#

 

No matter in the developed countries and domestic, the study of government engineering quality supervision is still in its infancy, it should be said that there are still many problems to be further discussed. One is, the more is studied through the work practice, theoretical analysis is insufficient; Second, due to the public management theory foundation is weak, so the public tube theory and the theory of government engineering quality supervision point analysis is one-sided, not enough in-depth; Three is too single, research means too much qualitative analysis than quantitative analysis. 

 

To develop the engineering construction enterprise informationization, to promote the integration of enterprise resource, business process optimization, improve management, decision-making and production efficiency, promote construction industry upgrade has a pivotal role. Encourage enterprises closely tracking the international advanced level, focus on the construction of informatization of key technology development, including the technique of building information model, structural health information detection technology, focus on building information integration platform, including technology of information resources, urban and rural construction full life state information. 

 

conclusion 结论

 

Information to be able to better improve the government efficiency and transparency of engineering quality supervision. At present, Beijing has set up a part of the information platform, such as engineering quality supervision and law enforcement platform, engineering quality management platform, etc. As platform to build, and will give all the Beijing construction market into the management and personnel, and in accordance with the collection enterprise, the central enterprises in Beijing, outgoing, and major practitioners to obey the law, the performance of credit information. The key to improve the quality of construction market and construction site supervision and docking, will serve as the construction unit of the government into the scope of regulation, at the same time strengthen the integrity of professional personnel registration information regulation. Through most of the building in higher levels of pilot area, drive regulation in other parts of the informatization construction, and eventually complete a nationwide project information data sharing and integration of information between enterprises, staff, projects, and through market access, market trading, construction quality contract performance are three supervision link, make illegal offender's nowhere to hide. By informationization, quality supervision departments can even solve the problems existing in the engineering quality, to provide scientific basis for decision-making for the engineering quality supervision. 

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