Argument Essay写作步骤及技巧

构思阶段

 

为了使议dissertation给人一种深刻的印象,就必须包括一些特定的要素来说服读者从你的观点中找到一些东西。正因为如此,在你开始写议dissertation之前必须花几分钟的时间来做些构思和准备。

 

寻找一个好的主题

 

为了给议dissertation找一个好的主题你应该考虑以下几个问题,包括有两个相互冲突的观点或者非常不同的结论。当你检查主题列表时你应该找一个能真正激发你兴趣的一个。

 

尽管没有足够感兴趣的但在一个主题中强烈的兴趣是很重要的,你必须考虑你要用什么样的原因和论据。只有强烈的信念是一回事,但当要形成论据时你必须解释清为什么你的观点是有合理的,符合逻辑的。

 

当你寻找一个主题时,脑中列出一些你可以用来作为支持或反对这个话题论据的观点。

 

考虑一下你所写的主题的正反面并确定立场。

 

一旦你选了一个很有感觉的话题,你应该列出正反两方面的论据并挑其中一方面。文章的首要目的就是呈现出这个话题的两面并对每一个进行评价。当然,挑选其中一方面(你所要写的那方面)做一下总结。

 

在构思阶段你需要考虑一下反方强有力的论据。然后击倒他们!

 

收集证据

 

当我们想论据的时候我们可以想象出两个面红耳赤的人很大声讲话,摆出戏剧姿态的画面。但那是因为面对面的争论往往是很情绪化的。事实上,争论的行为包括了有或没有带情绪化的提供证据支持你的说法。在议dissertation中,提供论据时你一定不能放太多戏剧性事件在里面。你要(简短地)摸索双方的主题,并证明为什么这方面或立场是最好的。

 

写作阶段

 

一旦你给了自己一个坚实的基础,你就可以开始制定你的文章。一篇议dissertation应该包含三个部分:介绍,主体,总结。这些部分的长度(段落的数量)会有所变化,取决于你的dissertation的长度。

 

1.介绍主题和表明自己的观点

 

在任何一篇文章中,你论据文章的第一段应该包含一个关于话题简短的解释,一些背景信息,和主旨句。在这种情况下,您的论点将是在一个特别有争议的话题中你所在立场的陈述。

 

在举例介绍段落中使用主旨句:

 

自新世纪以来,出现了一个关于世界末日,或者至少是我们所知道的生命终结的理论。#p#分页标题#e#

这个新理论围绕在2012年的某一天,声称在很多不同文化的古代手稿中有关于这一天的神秘起源。关于这个日期最典型的是,它似乎标志着玛雅历法的终结。但没有证据表明,玛雅人看到任何与这个日期有重大相关性的东西。事实上,周围没有任何主张让 2012世界末日事件接受科学探究。2012年将不会发生令生活发生重大改变的灾难,在平安的度过。

 

2.准备双方的辩论

 

文章主体包含你论点的“肉体”。你应该详细说说双方争议的点并陈述反方最强有力的论据。

 

在叙述完反方后,你就要展现你自己的观点接着提供论据说明为什么你的立场是正确的。

 

挑选最强有力的论据,一个一个地呈现出你的观点。使用一个混合的论据类型,从统计数据,到其他的研究和轶闻故事。

 

最后在总结段落重新叙述一下你的立场是最明智的。

 

文章的注意事项：

 

避免情绪化的语言

 

了解逻辑的结论与情绪化观点的区别

 

不要整理论据

 

应用原始资料

 

制作一个大纲

 

了解到辩方最有力的论据,为辩护自己这方做好准备。你可能会受到来自老师或其他同学的挑战。

 

How to Write an Argument Essay

Planning Stage

 

For an argument essay to be effective, it must contain certain elements that will persuade the audience to see things from your perspective. For this reason, you must take a few minutes to plan and prepare before you jump into writing an argument essay.

 

Find a Good Topic

 

To find good topic for an argument essay you should consider several issues that will have two conflicting points of view or very different conclusions. As you look over a list of topics you should find one that really sparks your interest.

 

While a strong interest in a topic is important, it's not enough to be interested. You have to consider what position you can back up with reasoning and evidence. It's one thing to have a strong belief, but when shaping an argument you'll have to explain why your belief is reasonable and logical.

 

As you explore the topics, make a mental list of points you could use as evidence for or against an issue.

 

Consider Both Sides of Your Topic and Take a Position#p#分页标题#e#

 

Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, you should make a list of points for both sides of the argument and pick a side. One of your first objectives in your essay will be to present both sides of your issue with an assessment of each. Of course, you will conclude that one side (your side) is the best conclusion.

 

In the planning stage you will need to consider strong arguments for the "other" side. Then you'll shoot them down!

 

Gather Evidence

 

When we think of arguments we might picture two red-faced people speaking quite loudly and making dramatic gestures. But that's because face-to-face arguments often become emotional. In fact, the act of arguing involves providing proof to support your claim, with or without emotions.

In an argument essay you will have to provide evidence without providing too much drama. You'll explore two sides of a topic (briefly) and provide proof as to why one side or position is the best one.

 

Writing Stage

 

Once you've given yourself a solid foundation to work with, you can begin to craft your essay. An argument essay should contain three parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The length of these parts (number of paragraphs) will vary, depending on the length of your essay assignment.

 

1. Introduce your topic and assert your side

 

As in any essay, the first paragraph of your argument essay should contain a brief explanation of your topic, some background information, and a thesis statement. In this case, your thesis will be a statement of your position on a particular controversial topic.

 

Example introductory paragraph with thesis statement:

 

Since the turn of the new century, a theory has emerged concerning the end of the world, or at least the end of life as we know it. This new theory centers around the year 2012, a date that many claim has mysterious origins in ancient manuscripts from many different cultures. The most noted characteristic of this date is that it appears to mark the end of the Mayan calendar. But there is no evidence to suggest that the Maya saw any great relevance to this date. In fact, none of the claims surrounding a 2012 doomsday event hold up to scientific inquiry. The year 2012 will pass without a major, life-altering catastrophe.

 

2. Present both sides of the controversy

 

The body of your essay will contain the meat of your argument. You should go into more detail about the two sides of your controversy and state the strongest points of the counter-side of your issue.

 #p#分页标题#e#

After describing the "other" side, you will present your own viewpoint and then provide evidence to show why your position is the correct one.

 

Select your strongest evidence and present your points one by one. Use a mix of evidence types, from statistics, to other studies and anecdotal stories. This part of your paper could be any length, from two paragraphs to two hundred pages.

 

Re-state your position as the most sensible one in your summary paragraphs.

 

Tips for Your Essay:

 

Avoid emotional language

 

Know the difference between a logical conclusion and an emotional point of view

 

Don't make up evidence

 

Cite your sources

 

Make an outline

 

Be prepared to defend your side by knowing the strongest arguments for the other side. You might be challenged by the teacher or by another student.