Business Essay代写参考：Managing Communication: Knowledge and Information

Business Essay代写参考-管理沟通：知识和信息。本文是一篇留学生商务管理专业Essay写作范文，主要内容是讲述在21世纪的背景下，企业在这个充满挑战和复杂的环境中相互竞争。技术的传播、技术的发展、信息技术以及正确知识的使用等诸多因素改变了它。Essay提出这一局面要求每一家公司都采取不同的行动来繁荣和生存。为此，他们寻找新的竞争优势资源和一些新的竞争形式。这需要正确理解信息、知识和正确的沟通过程，以获得竞争优势。信息是必需的，它是当今商业的骨干，也是大型商业公司的重要组成部分。数据的海量存储需要从决策过程到风险管理过程的目的。下面就是这篇留学生Business商务管理专业Essay写作范文，请参考。

In the background of twenty first century, the firms are competing with each other in this challenging and complex environment. It is transformed by numerous factors such as diffusion of technologies, technological development, and information technology along with the use of right knowledge (Hitt, Keats, & DeMarie, 1998). This landscape requires every firm to act differently to flourish and survive. For that they have look for new resources of the competitive advantage and some new forms of competition. This it requires the proper understanding of information, knowledge and the proper communication process for gaining competitive advantage. Information is required and it acts as the back bone of the today’s business and vital part of large business firms. The massive storage of data needs the purposes from the decision making processes to risk management process.
Ernst & Young have adopted the combination of information, knowledge and communication ties strategic themes on the basis of globalization such as operational excellence, clients, financial stability and people. This firm confines and takes action on the knowledge within their organization. Information, knowledge and communication process describes their strategies to ensure that they are acting upon to gaining competitive advantage. This large firm uses ERP for their work so that they have achieved higher operational excellence in their work. They use internet and intranet within their organization and its all offices are interconnected with each other. For carrying out the communication process, they held regular meetings for transferring information form one department to other departments. Thus makes it easy for them to gain competitive advantage by adding strategies to their business growth.
安永会计师事务所在全球化的基础上采用了信息、知识和沟通联系的战略主题，如卓越运营、客户、金融稳定和人员。该公司在其组织内限制知识并采取行动。信息、知识和沟通流程描述了他们的战略，以确保他们能够获得竞争优势。这家大公司在工作中使用ERP，因此他们在工作中实现了更高的运营效率。他们在组织内部使用互联网和内联网，所有办公室都相互连接。为了进行沟通，他们定期召开会议，将信息从一个部门传递给其他部门。因此，通过为其业务增长增加战略，他们很容易获得竞争优势。
The large scale business is globally distributed and having reliable as well as stable infrastructure along with the network administration. Its applications handle and run the fast processing. The information technology has enabled the business firm to offer services well. The business communication process has become very vital for managing business growth as well its success. The Ernst & Young Company has achieved efficiency with network-based communications such as email and web presence. These tools have supported the customer support that has grown the companies to compete in the larger markets.
大规模业务分布在全球，拥有可靠且稳定的基础设施以及网络管理。它的应用程序处理并运行快速处理。信息技术使这家商业公司能够很好地提供服务。业务沟通过程对于管理业务增长及其成功至关重要。安永公司通过电子邮件和网络呈现等基于网络的通信实现了效率。这些工具为客户支持提供了支持，使公司能够在更大的市场上竞争。
Some communication applications have made it easier for the firm to communicate and collaborate efficiently with their clients and customers. Thus there is a strong need of the combination of information, knowledge and communication process in the organization. The firm has gained competitive advantage by establishing and providing professional services. This company has provided a broad collection of services for capturing growth and managing risk just by adopting proper communication process.
一些通信应用程序使公司更容易与客户和客户进行有效沟通和协作。因此，组织中强烈需要信息、知识和沟通过程的结合。该公司通过建立和提供专业服务获得了竞争优势。该公司通过采用适当的沟通流程，为捕捉增长和管理风险提供了广泛的服务。
The information, knowledge and communication plays an important role for gaining competitive advantage and it is a better meaning of providing competitive advantage. They all are required in the tangible form to meet the needs of the company. The companies fail due to its inability for managing these points to meet internal as well as external requirements (Hodgson, 1999). As it s discussed in the previous section, E&Y has adopted information system for communicating with their clients and customers. The company has achieved efficiency with network-based communications. These tools have supported the customer support that has grown the companies to compete in the larger markets. Thus it helps them to grow in the global market. The company has gained the competitive advantage by achieving excellence at the firm’s level.
信息、知识和沟通对获得竞争优势起着重要作用，它是提供竞争优势的更好含义。它们都需要以有形的形式满足公司的需要。这些公司之所以失败，是因为它们无法管理这些点以满足内部和外部要求。如前一节所述，E&Y已采用信息系统与客户和客户进行沟通。该公司通过基于网络的通信实现了效率。这些工具为客户支持提供了支持，使公司能够在更大的市场上竞争。因此，它有助于他们在全球市场上成长。该公司通过在公司层面上取得卓越表现而获得了竞争优势。       
What managers are doing to improve decision making by using information and knowledge internally and externally to improve decision making and taking?
管理者正在做什么来通过内部和外部使用信息和知识来改进决策制定和决策？
Answer 回答
Generally managers make decision on the basis of their perception, understanding, events and people around them. They can experience some instances where their perception is taken as mistakes. The perception along with the right information and knowledge plays an important role in decision making. But it has suggested that managers may get into some problems that result from wrong perceptions, and are considered as rare and they are often negligible. For any decision to be effective, it should make use of relevant, timely and accurate use of information (Ajayi et al., 2007).
一般来说，管理者会根据他们的感知、理解、事件和周围的人做出决定。他们可能会经历一些他们的感知被视为错误的情况。感知以及正确的信息和知识在决策中起着重要作用。但这表明，管理者可能会遇到一些由错误观念导致的问题，这些问题被认为是罕见的，而且往往可以忽略不计。为了使任何决定有效，它应该利用相关、及时和准确的信息。
Managers work on knowledge based activities while decision making. Broadly these activities are divided into two categories such as process and practice oriented practices. The managers use process oriented approach by getting the tactic knowledge. This knowledge can be taken from formal interviews and meetings. The requirements of knowledge and information are known as an outline of the decisions that are to be proved as effective in decision making. The importance of information has not only been at present, but had played quite an important role even in earlier days as Mudrick & Rose (1971) suggested that for an organization to survive, information plays supreme role. Managers gather the knowledge and inform
管理者在决策时从事基于知识的活动。大体上，这些活动分为两类，如面向过程的实践和面向实践的实践。管理者通过获取策略知识来使用面向过程的方法。这些知识可以从正式面试和会议中获得。知识和信息的要求被称为决策大纲，在决策过程中被证明是有效的。信息的重要性不仅在目前，而且在早期也发挥了相当重要的作用，Mudrick&Rose（认为，对于一个组织来说，信息起着至高无上的作用。管理者收集知识并告知
ation from some internal and external sources. On the basis of the available data, they implement it for the decision making.
来自一些内部和外部来源的信息。根据现有数据，他们将其用于决策。
The managers in Ernst & Young firm play an important role in decision making and they are having good decision making capabilities. The managers take decision on the basis of collected information and gathered knowledge from internal and external sources. They conduct meeting with their peers, their juniors and with their other executives for better decision making process. By doing this, they can get the information at internal level. Also they collect information from the external sources. They communicate with their clients and customers for getting feedback and for knowing about the needs.
安永会计师事务所的经理在决策过程中发挥着重要作用，他们具有良好的决策能力。管理人员根据从内部和外部来源收集的信息和知识做出决策。他们与同龄人、年青人和其他高管会面，以便更好地进行决策。通过这样做，他们可以从内部获得信息。他们还从外部来源收集信息。他们与客户和客户沟通，以获得反馈并了解需求。
In addition to these, the time in today’s scenario makes use of various ERPs for information handling. Big giants like Ernst & Young make use of these information handling techniques for better decision making process. Even the organizations today make use of software tools such as SAP, which has its own intelligence techniques to recommend for better performance and growth of an organization. Managers use these tools for their decision making and various strategic decisions too. Therefore, the time has changed and the approach of managing situations too has changed. Thus, MIS has been in use increasingly at present times. The technique helps in finding the disturbances that are there within the system to help the management take a step for getting against the problem (Obi, 2003).
除此之外，在今天的场景中，时间利用各种ERP进行信息处理。安永等大巨头利用这些信息处理技术来改善决策过程。即使是今天的组织也会使用诸如SAP这样的软件工具，SAP拥有自己的智能技术，可以为组织提供更好的性能和增长建议。经理们也使用这些工具进行决策和各种战略决策。因此，时代变了，管理局势的方法也变了。因此，管理信息系统在当前的应用越来越多。该技术有助于发现系统内的干扰，帮助管理层采取措施解决问题。       
The first step of any decision making process involves the process to define the problem. Managers need to define the problem that exists within their organization. For this purpose, they arrange meetings with their colleagues to know about the exact situation. Based on the analysis made from the meetings, strategic level of management finds out the exact problem statement within an organization. This problem is then taken as the main factor to collect the information related to it there within the organization (and that existing outside the organization as well). From the information collected, various conclusions are drawn that help in exploration of ways to sort out the situation. The management then makes use of the information along with the problem statement to process the information. This processed information is further made use of to come to the final conclusion by making decisions.
任何决策过程的第一步都涉及定义问题的过程。管理者需要定义其组织中存在的问题。为此，他们安排与同事会面，了解具体情况。根据会议的分析，战略管理层会找出组织内部的确切问题陈述。然后，这个问题被视为收集组织内部（以及组织外部）与之相关的信息的主要因素。从收集到的信息中，得出了各种结论，有助于探索解决问题的方法。然后，管理层利用这些信息以及问题陈述来处理这些信息。进一步利用处理后的信息，通过决策得出最终结论。
What are the strategies to increase personal networking to widen Employees’ Involvement in the decision-making process?
有哪些策略可以增加个人关系网以扩大员工参与决策过程？
Answer 回答
Involvement of employee in decision making process creates the basic need of today’s marketplace. Managers make an effort to increase the involvement of employees in the organization. Therefore, the well integrated organization results in better outcomes. There are a number of ways by which an organization makes an effort to increase the employee involvement in decision making process using the personal networking approach. The increased rights given to employee to raise his voice and involve in decision making process helps him attain outcomes (Macleod & Bradey, 2004).
员工参与决策过程创造了当今市场的基本需求。经理们努力增加员工在组织中的参与度。因此，整合良好的组织会产生更好的结果。组织通过多种方式努力提高员工对使用个人网络方法的决策过程的参与度。赋予员工提高声音和参与决策过程的更多权利有助于他取得成果。
The strategic management department makes an effort to arrange regular get together there within the organization to raise the number of communication of employees. This raises the strength of relationship of members with each other. This also helps them feel comfortable in working with each other. The employees make an effort to communicate with each other at such instances and get rid of any personal distances. This helps in creation of better relations of employees, which raises the opportunity of better performance. The employees work with each other in a better manner using the personal network (Robinson et al., 2004). Therefore, the importance of personal network cannot be ignored. The personal networking helps in establishing better relations there within the organization. The employee feels comfortable working with the organization, thus acts in favour of the organization. Increased power provided to the employee is the root cause of this change in behaviour.
战略管理部门努力安排组织内部定期聚会，以提高员工的沟通数量。这提高了成员之间的关系强度。这也有助于他们在彼此合作时感到舒适。在这种情况下，员工努力相互沟通，避免任何个人距离。这有助于建立更好的员工关系，从而提高绩效的机会。员工利用个人网络以更好的方式相互合作。因此，个人网络的重要性不容忽视。个人网络有助于在组织内部建立更好的关系。员工觉得在组织中工作很舒服，因此会对组织有利。提供给员工的权力增加是这种行为变化的根本原因。
The management shall increasingly favour creative and innovative ideas in the meetings and give the employees an opportunity to represent these ideas in meetings. This would help in better opportunities among employees to participate in organizational activities. Therefore, the decision making opportunities are increased. This would further result in motivation among individuals due to increased importance provided to them. Therefore, the operational activities are improved of individuals. The management enjoys benefits due to this act, as the innovation and creativity gives an opportunity of accomplishment and new insights among individuals.
管理层应在会议上越来越倾向于创造性和创新性的想法，并给员工在会议上表达这些想法的机会。这将有助于员工更好地参与组织活动。因此，决策机会增加。这将进一步提高个人的积极性，因为对他们的重视程度越来越高。因此，个人的经营活动得到了改善。管理层因这一行为而受益，因为创新和创造力为个人提供了成就和新见解的机会。
The very common cause of employee leaving an organization to join the other is due to lack of importance provided to the employee. Other factors besides this include promotion and rewards (CIPD, 2007). If an organization gives the individuals an opportunity to participate in decision making process, this helps them motivate to work for the organization. Therefore, the management shall incorporate such a kind of strategy at work place that there are improved personal relations of employees there within the organization, and therefore, results in improved performance for the success and growth.
员工离开一个组织加入另一个组织的最常见原因是缺乏对员工的重视。除此之外的其他因素包括晋升和奖励。如果一个组织给个人一个参与决策过程的机会，这将帮助他们激励他们为组织工作。因此，管理层应在工作场所纳入这样一种策略，即改善组织内部员工的人际关系，从而提高绩效，促进成功和成长。
Employees shall give the employees an opportunity to discuss directly with the top management in case of any problem. The problems shall be duly heard by the managers. This would further help in improved personal relations of employees. This would act in favour of individuals as well as organization. The staff would be increasingly active to participate in decision making process. This would act as a strong motivating factor for individuals.
如果出现任何问题，员工应给予员工直接与最高管理层讨论的机会。经理应及时听取问题。这将进一步有助于改善员工的个人关系。这将有利于个人和组织。工作人员将越来越积极地参与决策过程。这将成为个人的强大激励因素。
In addition to this, the employees shall be given an opportunity to discuss their experience with others. There should not be stiff restrictions at place for the management process. This would ensure better flow of information transfer and communication process. Therefore, would help in betterment of the organizational objectives. One should remember that the retention of top performers is of supreme importance for an organization. Therefore, personal networking should retain the employees for long term success.
除此之外，员工还应有机会与他人讨论他们的经验。管理过程不应有严格的限制。这将确保更好的信息传递和沟通流程。因此，将有助于改进组织目标。人们应该记住，留住优秀员工对一个组织来说至关重要。因此，个人关系网应该能留住员工，让他们获得长期成功。
Develop a communication process to improve the decision making and organizational knowledge for your chosen organization.
制定沟通流程，以提高所选组织的决策和组织知识。
Answer 回答
Decision is considered as the form of a communication which takes social prospects of the people in the organizations (Andersen, 2003). There are three groups of the communication process: temporal prospects to the future, accurate prospects at the organization and social prospects that are directed at the participants in the communication process. Communication process plays supreme role for the success of an organization. There should be thorough communication between the two or more entities to ensure the proper flow of information. For Ernest and Young, it is suggested that managers shall arrange regular meetings with their team to motivate them.
决策被认为是一种沟通的形式，它考虑到组织中人们的社会前景。沟通过程分为三组：对未来的时间展望、对组织的准确展望和针对沟通过程参与者的社会展望。沟通过程对组织的成功起着至关重要的作用。两个或多个实体之间应进行彻底沟通，以确保信息的正确流动。对于Ernest和Young，建议经理安排与团队定期会面，以激励他们。
The targets shall be clearly stated by the managers (As they are at present), along with the motivational meetings. At present there is a hierarchical process for communication between different staff members. However, it is recommended to make use of the shorter channel. There should be a separate software application at work place to communicate. The staff members shall make use of this application to communicate with each other. This should be more or less like Skype. Therefore, the staff would be able to communicate with each other in a faster manner. This communication shall not restrict to particular group of people, but the integration should be of such an extent that an operator can even communicate with the strategic level of management. Thus, the hierarchical structure would be able to communicate with each other without the limitation of any particular group of people. This would be of help in ensuring that there is faster communication within the organization and the proper strategic decisions are made. The operational level of staff would be able to communicate with the strategic level, thus helping them getting rid of problem conditions, if any. This would ensure the right use of technology and healthy work flow of the staff operations.
管理者应在激励会议上明确说明目标（目前的目标）。目前，不同工作人员之间有一个分级的沟通过程。但是，建议使用较短的通道。工作场所应该有一个单独的软件应用程序进行通信。工作人员应利用此应用程序相互沟通。这应该或多或少像Skype。因此，工作人员将能够以更快的方式相互沟通。这种沟通不应局限于特定人群，但整合的程度应使运营商甚至可以与战略管理层沟通。因此，层级结构将能够在不受任何特定人群限制的情况下相互交流。这将有助于确保组织内部的沟通更快，并做出适当的战略决策。业务层面的工作人员将能够与战略层面沟通，从而帮助他们摆脱问题条件（如果有的话）。这将确保正确使用技术和工作人员业务的健康工作流程。
Decision is an organizational process and can be created when the decisions are interconnected with each other and that can cause the uncertainty in decision making. It is considered that first decision in the process is no longer evaluated further (Seidl and Becker, 2006). The organization would be able to make better decisions thereon. The management would be able to communicate with each other through a direct channel. Therefore, the chances of miscommunication would reduce greatly. This would help in reduction of problem conditions.
决策是一个组织过程，当决策相互关联并可能导致决策过程中的不确定性时，可以创建决策。据认为，该过程中的第一个决定不再进行进一步评估。该组织将能够就此作出更好的决定。管理层将能够通过直接渠道相互沟通。因此，错误沟通的机会将大大减少。这将有助于减少问题状况。
The flow of information would take place smoothly through this approach within the organization. This would further result in reduced risks of wrong information transfer. The back- up of whole information transfer, whether audio or textual or video, would be recorded to the main server. Therefore, the details are completely saved to the main database. This would help in reviewing all the discussions done, as and when required. Furthermore, the access of previous discussion would also help in analysing the flaw areas that exist within the complete network of Ernst and Young. The business is expected to grow through this strategy. Increased pace of communication and decision making process would help in attaining better results.
通过这种方法，信息的流动将在组织内顺利进行。这将进一步降低错误信息传输的风险。整个信息传输的备份，无论是音频、文本还是视频，都将记录到主服务器。因此，详细信息完全保存到主数据库中。这将有助于在必要时审查所有已完成的讨论。此外，查阅之前的讨论也有助于分析安永会计师事务所整个网络中存在的缺陷区域。通过这一战略，业务有望增长。提高沟通和决策进程的速度将有助于取得更好的结果。       
The decision makers would thus be able to utilize the previous communication details to know about the approach that had helped them gain in the past. Based on this analysis, they can formulate future strategies for growth. This would help them to minimize the risks and make optimal solution of resources. Thus, the strategy is expected to help them in gaining better results. The organization’s revenues are also expected to increase through this strategy.
因此，决策者将能够利用先前的沟通细节，了解过去帮助他们获得的方法。基于这一分析，他们可以制定未来的增长战略。这将有助于他们将风险降至最低，并对资源进行最佳解决。因此，该战略有望帮助他们取得更好的结果。该组织的收入也有望通过这一战略增加。
What role Knowledge Management plays in managing organisation strategically?知识管理在战略管理组织中扮演什么角色？
Knowledge enables the companies to compete with each other. Knowledge about the customers, competitors, their strategies is very required. Firms have adopted knowledge management in their organization as the strategic orientation. For an example, low cost strategies are required for cost cutting in the organizations. Lowering prices and shortening of cycle times are some differentiation strategies that add value to the organizations. Thus it differentiates firms from their competition. Organizational knowledge theory tells how the knowledge plays an important role for managing organizations strategically.
知识使公司能够相互竞争。了解客户、竞争对手及其战略是非常必要的。企业已将知识管理作为其组织的战略方向。例如，各组织削减成本需要低成本战略。降低价格和缩短周期是一些为组织增加价值的差异化战略。因此，它将企业与竞争对手区分开来。组织知识理论揭示了知识在组织战略管理中的重要作用。
Organizational knowledge is known as the implicit and explicit knowledge that every individual try to acquire about the products, process and systems. The tactic knowledge can be gained by using the forms of cultures, routines etc and explicit knowledge is gained by some databases and manuals (Nahapiet & Ghoshal, 1998; Grant, 1996; Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995). Knowledge management is very critical to achieve competitive advantage. External as well as internal sources are considered as important factors of the firms (Kogut & Zander, 1992).
组织知识是指每个人都试图获得的关于产品、过程和系统的隐性和显性知识。战术知识可以通过使用文化、常规等形式获得，显性知识可以通过一些数据库和手册获得。知识管理对于获得竞争优势至关重要。外部和内部来源被认为是公司的重要因素。
Ernst & young is an independent firm and it is renowned as most admired knowledge enterprises (MAKE). This organization is well known for its corporate knowledge driven firm and it works more on becoming strategically important. This firm creates and leverages the easy access to their knowledge to their clients as well as their practitioners and that has differentiated itself from other companies in the market. The main strategy of the company is that it emphasizes on both learning as well as sharing of knowledge. It connects the skill and ability of their people with the firm to be better that their competitors. E&Y have adopted client oriented approach or strategy that has been transmitted form the company to the teams for its applications.
安永是一家独立公司，被誉为最受尊敬的知识型企业（MAKE）。该组织以其企业知识驱动型公司而闻名，它更致力于成为战略上的重要企业。这家公司创造并利用了向客户及其从业者轻松获取其知识的机会，使其与市场上的其他公司区别开来。公司的主要战略是强调学习和知识共享。它将员工的技能和能力与公司联系起来，使其比竞争对手更好。E&Y采用了面向客户的方法或策略，该方法或策略已从公司传递给团队，供其应用。
An applied knowledge management protocol has been implemented for making use of information in decision making, work and information alignment for optimizing performance levels, facilitating problem solving and distribution of knowledge for strategic purpose (CAPa, 1997). This application is effectively assisting the high and value added activities with the strategic context. It also broadcasts its business practices to meet differences.
实施了一项实用的知识管理协议，以便在决策、工作和信息调整中利用信息，优化绩效水平，促进问题解决和知识分配，以达到战略目的。该应用程序有效地帮助战略背景下的高附加值活动。它还广播其业务实践以满足差异。
Generally there are two types of organizations that rely on codifying knowledge strategy to make total use of knowledge for individual stores it for easy access by using information and communication technology tools. There are the companies that rely on the personalization strategy for channeling of individual expertise to the right place for person to person interaction.
一般来说，有两种类型的组织依赖于对知识战略进行编码，以充分利用个人存储的知识，并通过使用信息和通信技术工具方便访问。有些公司依靠个性化策略将个人专业知识引导到正确的地方进行人与人的互动。
Ernst & Young is making explicit knowledge and inserting it in the store areas. It also promotes people network along with the technology based networks. It has also worked for knowledge management strategy but with the interpersonal relationship with their clients. This has emerged as a core concept for the firm. They create better balance between the internal as well as external part with the view of the globalised world (Ezingeard et al., 2002; Bartlett, 2000; Collins, 2002, 1998).
安永会计师事务所正在制作明确的知识，并将其插入门店区域。它还促进了人际网络以及基于技术的网络。它也适用于知识管理战略，但也适用于与客户的人际关系。这已成为该公司的核心概念。从全球化世界的角度来看，它们在内部和外部创造了更好的平衡。
The figure states the two dimensions in which one axis shows the degree for developing knowledge management on the technological frameworks from low degree to high. The other axis represents the personal networks on which the organization develops its knowledge sharing capabilities at personal level. The high degree shows the strong integration with the knowledge networks. It is high in the case of the E&Y firm.
该图显示了两个维度，其中一个轴显示了从低到高在技术框架上发展知识管理的程度。另一个轴代表组织在个人层面上发展其知识共享能力的个人网络。高度显示了与知识网络的强整合。对于E&Y公司来说，这是很高的。       
It has become a fact that new venture are growing rapidly, thus they have adopted the knowledge management in their organization to become strategically strong. It has been argued that knowledge management is not different issue. Xxxx company have some unique feature of the knowledge management how they are managing the knowledge strategically. This firm has emphasized different knowledge management activities. The adoption of organizational knowledge theory has become very important phenomenon for this firm.
essay范文在最后提出，事实上新企业正在迅速发展，因此他们在组织中采用了知识管理，从而在战略上变得强大。有人认为，知识管理并不是不同的问题。Xxxx公司在知识管理方面有一些独特的特点，他们是如何战略性地管理知识的。该公司强调不同的知识管理活动。采用组织知识理论已成为该公司非常重要的现象。本站提供各国各专业essay代写或指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。