留学生市场营销专业Essay代写范文：Analysis of Moleskine Marketing
本文是市场学专业的Essay范例，题目是“Analysis of Moleskine Marketing（Moleskine营销分析）”，Moleskine是由米兰的一家小出版商于1997年创立的，他们想要复兴这一具有悠久历史和悠久传统的产品。基于案例研究，我们意识到moleskine正试图恢复一个即将消失的产品。了解消费者的行为如何通过了解消费者的特点和个性来帮助保持这种传统产品的生命力是至关重要的。进一步细分他们能够找到一个解决方案，可以帮助营销人员规划他们的营销组合，沟通工具连接现代消费者，也提出新的营销传播策略和战术。
Executive Summary执行概要
Moleskine was founded in 1997 by a small Milanese publisher that wanted to revive a product that is rich in history and tradition. Based on the case study we are aware that moleskine is trying to bring back a product that soon to be vanished. It is critical and crucial to know that how consumer behavior can help to keep this traditional product alive by understanding characteristics personalities of consumers. Further segmenting them to be able to find out a solution that can assist marketers in planning their marketing mix, communication tools to connect with the modern consumer, also coming up with new strategies and tactics of marketing communication.
Definition of Personality
Personality might be characterized as the internal aspects which impacts a singular’s conduct and activities consistent with the social and the physical environment. Attributes contrasts one single person from an alternate singular, no two individual impart the same qualities and are precisely indistinguishable.
Neo-Freudian Theory新弗洛伊德理论
In the case of the Neo-Freudian Theory, consumers of Moleskine possess more of the detached personality, as these are the individuals who move far from others. They covet independence, freedom, individualism or opportunity from commitments. This can be seen in Moleskine as well, as it can be seen in the case study. “Moleskine launched its modern-era range of diaries in 1997, around the time laptop computers and personal telecommunication devices were breaking into the market” (Schiffman, O’Cass, Paladino and Carlson 2014, 621). This shows that moleskine’s consumers still uses analogue or old fashioned products even in times of rising technology as they do not conform to the society and uses whatever which is suitable for them.
在新弗洛伊德理论中，Moleskine的消费者拥有更多的超然人格，因为他们是远离他人的个体。他们渴望独立、自由、个人主义或从承诺中获得机会。这在Moleskine中也可以看到，在案例研究中也可以看到。“Moleskine在1997年推出了现代日记系列，大约是笔记本电脑和个人通信设备进入市场的时候”(希夫曼、欧卡斯、帕拉迪诺和卡尔森2014,621)。这说明moleskine的消费者即使在科技崛起的时代，仍然使用类似产品或老式产品，因为他们不符合社会，使用任何适合自己的产品。
Traits Theory
In the case of the traits theory, moleskine’s consumers are those which possesses high scores for extroversion and openness to experience from the big five model as they are creative, will document their likings, personal stories and experiences. They are people who loves to travel and are interested in other cultures and are comfortable to socialize with others. Basically, these are traits which are similar to that of moleskine as they focuses on art, culture and creativity. Furthermore, their products are divided into 3 categories which are travelling, reading and writing which are again similar of their consumers. It is the similarity of the consumer and brand personality which attracts the consumers to buy and use moleskine’s products.
Personality and Consumer Behavior个性与消费者行为
As noted from above, consumers of moleskine are those who possesses detached personality and in the case of consumer behavior. It is similar to that of the inner-directed consumers, as they depend on their internal values or benchmarks in assessing new items. Inner-directed consumers will buy products that please and perform for them and they are not concerned about what others think of the product that they are using. The consumers deem that moleskine’s notebook satisfies their inner values and performs for them. Similarly, moleskine is a product of old tradition and old fashioned in the modern age of technology where laptops and computers are commonly used. However, the consumers are susceptive to interpersonal influence as well. This is due to the fact that they feel that moleskine’s art, culture and creativity fits their social group.
如上所述，moleskine的消费者是那些拥有超然个性的人，在消费者行为方面。这类似于内部导向的消费者，因为他们依赖于他们的内部价值或基准来评估新项目。内部导向的消费者会购买让他们满意的产品，他们不关心别人对他们使用的产品的看法。消费者认为moleskine的笔记本满足了他们的内在价值，并为他们表现。同样地，moleskine也是在笔记本电脑和电脑普遍使用的现代科技时代传统和老式的产物。然而，消费者也容易受到人际关系的影响。这是因为他们觉得moleskine的艺术、文化和创造力适合他们的社会群体。
There will definitely be commonality between moleskine’s consumers and other consumers. Contrary to having detached personality, moleskine’s consumers too have other personality traits like being modern which are common to other consumers as well. The consumers are modern even though of the analogue product that they are using, as moleskine uses new media to communicate with their consumers. Such as MSK 2 which is a digital notebook which the consumers can customize and create their own notebook. Moleskine utilizes social media, in the likes of YouTube, Vimeo, Facebook, etc.
VALS program瓦尔斯计划
VALS is a program developed by Arnold Mitchell allowing us to better fathom about the segmentations and profile of adults American consumers. There are eight type of adult American consumers segmented by VALS based on their mindsets, using a specific set of psychological traits and key demographics that drive consumer behavior. The eight type of adult American consumers are the innovators, thinkers, believers, achievers, strivers, experiencers, makers and lastly the survivors. There are three primary motivation that drives the eight different types of consumers they are ideas, achievement and self-expression. The concept of primary motivation explains consumer attitudes and anticipates behavior. The resources of the eight type of consumers would also affect the consumer’s behavior, resources refers to a person’s age, income, education, self-confidence, health, eagerness to buy or try and its energy level this psychological, physical, emotional, demographic, socioeconomic will constrain or enhance a person’s expression of his or her primary motivation.
VALS是Arnold Mitchell开发的一个程序，它能让我们更好地了解美国成年消费者的细分和概况。瓦尔斯根据他们的思维方式，利用一组特定的心理特征和关键的人口统计数据，将美国成年消费者分成八类。美国的八种成年消费者分别是革新者、思想家、信徒、成功者、奋斗者、体验者、创造者，最后是幸存者。有三个主要的动机驱动八种不同类型的消费者，他们的想法，成就和自我表达。原始动机的概念解释了消费者的态度和预期的行为。这八种类型的消费者的资源也会影响消费者的行为，资源是指一个人的年龄、收入、教育、自信、健康、购买或尝试的渴望和它的精力水平这心理的、身体的、情感的、人口的、社会经济因素会限制或增强一个人对其基本动机的表达。
Roy Morgan’s value segments
Roy Morgan’s value segments of Australian consumer has a segmentation of ten different type of consumers group. “The ten types of consumers are the socially aware, visible achievement, young optimism, real conservatism, look at me, conventional family life, traditional family life, a fairer deal, something better and basic needs”.(Roy Morgan 2014) This two methods shows how age, gender, marital status, income, education, occupation, social class, health and personality influence the consumer behavior.
Where would Moleskine consumers fit?Moleskine的消费者适合哪里?
The moleskine notebook has a long history and tradition it is reputed to have been used by famous artist, thinkers and writers. The notebook was made famous by Bruce Chatwin and he was the one who gave the notebook its name. “The philosophy of moleskine products are creativity, imaginative and travelling”. (Moleskine 2014)
moleskine笔记本有着悠久的历史和传统，它被著名的艺术家、思想家和作家所使用。这本笔记本因布鲁斯·查特温而闻名，也是他给这本笔记本起了这个名字。“moleskine的产品理念是创造性、想象力和旅行”。(Moleskine 2014)
The moleskine product will fit better with the Roy Morgan’s value segmentation under the categories of young optimism and real conservatism.
Young optimism年轻的乐观
Young optimism refers to a person seeking to improve their prospects in life and wanted to be respected in society. They are long term thinkers, careers planner, attending university and contemplating about the future. Their mindset tends to be associated with people who want to experience life to their fullest for example vacation, a career, friends, and family. They are innovative and interested in technology. Thus the moleskine products totally fits into the profile of the young optimism who are imaginative as they are constantly thinking of their future, creative as they are innovative and interested in technology and lastly they would love to travel around the to broaden their perspective of life.
年轻乐观主义指的是一个人寻求改善自己的生活前景，希望在社会上受到尊重。他们是长期思考者，职业规划者，上大学，思考未来。他们的心态倾向于与那些想要充分体验生活的人联系在一起，比如假期、事业、朋友和家庭。他们有创新精神，对技术很感兴趣。因此，moleskine产品完全符合年轻乐观主义者的形象，他们富有想象力，因为他们不断思考自己的未来，创造性，因为他们创新和对技术感兴趣，最后他们会喜欢旅行，以扩大自己的生活视角。
Real conservatism
Real conservatism refers to people who are cautious about new things and ideas. They hold very conservative thinking and feel that things are not as good as they used to be. They are willing to pay more for products with quality and are particularly attracted to older, well established brands. Moleskine is a well-established brand as it is the successor to the legendary notebook that has been used by renowned artists and thinkers such as Vincent van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, and Bruce Chatwin. Thus giving it a sense of class and nostalgia as a diary that retains the old world charm which also could be a trusty and handy travel companion and it fits right into the profile of the real conservatism.
How could these systems assist marketers?这些系统如何帮助营销人员?
The use of these systems will allow marketers to position or promote their products better. They can use these systems to know which specific segment of consumer that they are targeting, and it will definitely be easier for them to plan the marketing mix (4Ps) strategy with the help of these systems.
使用这些系统可以让营销人员更好地定位或推广他们的产品。他们可以使用这些系统来了解他们的目标消费群，并且在这些系统的帮助下，他们计划营销组合(4Ps)策略肯定会更容易。
Integrated Marketing Communications
Integrated marketing communications (IMC) is define as the coordination and integration of all marketing communication tools, avenues, and sources in a company into a seamless program designed to maximize the impact on customers and stakeholders (Clow and Baack 2012).
It is a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a plan that evaluates the strategic roles of a variety of communication disciplines – general advertising, direct response, sales promotion, and public relations – and combines these disciplines to provide clarity, consistency, and maximum communication impact (Kitchen and Burgmann 2010).
Recommendations
In order for Moleskine to reach out to consumers who are less I.T savvy and resonate better with international consumers, following are some of the recommendations suggested.
Making use of advertising through television, magazines or newspapers will get the message across to audiences whom are less I.T savvy and build a repetitive and consistent approach to increase product awareness.
Moleskine can make use of celebrity endorsement for its products to reach out to international consumers. This means using brand ambassadors that are recognizable by global consumers.
The firm can participate in inter-national trade fairs or exhibitions to publicize and sell their products. This provides an effective way of meeting many existing and potential consumers from different countries (Doole and Lowe 2008).
Jenifer Aaker’s Brand Personality Dimensions
Jenifer Aaker’s brand personality framework is use to describe a brand profile which includes tangible and intangible traits and correlates to humans’ characteristic.
This includes five dimensions (Friend 2012):
Sincerity – This dimension portrays as down-to-earth, honest, wholesome or cheerful in consumer minds.
Excitement – Daring, spirited, imaginative, and on the cutting edge of technology and performance are the most exciting brands.
Competence – This refers to brands with traits such as reliability, intelligence, and success.
Sophisticated – A brand that is sophisticated is viewed as charming and fit for the upper classes.
Ruggedness – Rugged brands are seen as outdoorsy and tough.
The two dimensions that will be suitable for Moleskine are ‘Competence’ and ‘Excitement’. The company had made use of technology such as cloud, social media and iPhone and iPad apps to promote and push their products to the market. These provide consumers the convenience and reliability in terms of data storage on their smart devices. Moreover, by utilizing the various forms of social media will keep Moleskine updated with the latest trends, hence keeping up with the ever changing technology.
Moleskine’s Segmentation and Marketing Strategies
Yes, it is possible for other products to use similar segmentation and marketing strategies to Moleskine. Psychographic segmentation divides buyer into different groups based on 1) Lifestyle 2) Social Class, and 3) Personality Characteristics. Moleskine targets designers, professionals, writers, creative, imaginative people, travelers, and business people. Moleskine keeps in mind both their consumers’ lifestyle and their social classes. From working class to upper class where people need to develop new ideas, travelers who love to pen down their experiences, and business people who need to organize their schedule. Moleskine’s consumers’ personality characteristics are creative, imaginative, passionate, traditional and organized. Moleskine’s products vary from simple to stylish hard and soft cover of diaries and etc. The price setting is high. Placing is exclusive distribution. For promotion, they focus on communicating with consumers through social media and interactive websites. Moleskine’s positioning is to open platforms for people to be creative and communicative which contributes to the development of sharing knowledge and culture. Few products that used similar segmentations and marketing strategies as Moleskine are Polaroid cameras and Chanel’s products
Polaroid Corporation宝丽来公司
Targets creative people, artist, designers, photographers, and experiencers, people that see Polaroid as a status of lifestyle. Polaroid consumers’ social class are from upper to working class, some people like to instantly capture their current experience and develop the picture on the spot; people use it for their projects or special occasions. Polaroid consumers’ personality characteristics are creative and passionate. Polaroid is an exciting brand for youths. Polaroid communicates with consumers through social media and interactive websites. They have their own Facebook, Pinterest, YouTube and Twitter accounts that they constant update status, videos, and pictures. They created smartphone apps such as “Polamatic by Polaroid” where people can take pictures and edit them by applying Polaroid’s authentic frames and extra features. Polaroid Corporation has launched their new retail store called Fotobar, which is available, online as well. It serves a function where people are enabled customize their Polaroid pictures (Melanson, 2013). Polaroid has partnerships with the Andy Warhol Museum and Lady gaga. Polaroid uses global consumer segment as in every country there will be a group of people that meets Polaroid’s targeted market.
目标人群是有创意的人，艺术家，设计师，摄影师和体验者，那些把宝丽来视为一种生活方式的人。宝丽来消费者的社会阶层从上层到工人阶级，有些人喜欢瞬间捕捉自己当前的体验，并当场冲洗图片;人们在他们的项目或特殊场合使用它。宝丽来消费者的个性特征是富有创造力和激情。宝丽来对年轻人来说是一个令人兴奋的品牌。宝丽来通过社交媒体和互动网站与消费者沟通。他们有自己的Facebook、Pinterest、YouTube和Twitter账户，他们会不断更新状态、视频和图片。他们开发了智能手机应用程序，如“宝丽来Polamatic”，人们可以拍照，并使用宝丽来的真实框架和额外功能进行编辑。宝丽来公司推出了他们新的零售商店Fotobar，也可以在网上买到。它的功能是让人们可以定制他们的宝丽来照片(Melanson, 2013)。宝丽来与安迪·沃霍尔博物馆和Lady gaga都有合作关系。宝丽来利用全球消费细分市场，因为在每个国家都会有一群人符合宝丽来的目标市场。
Chanel香奈儿
Founded in the year 1909. Chanel consist of lifestyle and luxury products. Chanel is known to be a sophisticated brand for elegant women. Chanel’s products consist of fashion clothing, fine jewelry, watches, accessories, perfumes, and cosmetics. They place their products in their own boutiques. However, their cosmetics and perfumes can be found in certain specific departmental stores. Pricing is high. Their promotion is through fashion shows, celebrities, events, television, magazines, and exhibitions. Chanel uses modern technology to communicate with their consumers. Social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter, YouTube to update their new products, Videos events, and status. Chanel’s videos constantly films and emphasize on their “brand heritage” and how it still exist in their products with a fusion of modern. This strategy reinforces the relationship consumer need to have with the product. Chanel has re-designed their website to create a sleek site that shows elegance and created a few smartphone apps that features videos and looks of the latest products, fashion news, behind the scene features, and contact information for all boutiques, skin care tips using their brand’s facial products. Chanel’s Coco Shine Lipstick was first launched and sold through the social media platform, Facebook. Users were to “like” the page and get complimentary shipping when purchasing. It increases awareness on their online store as some consumers are unaware of it, also, by “liking” the Facebook page will allow consumers to be involved in their future news or product launches. (Zelesny, 2011) Chanel used a male celebrity; Brad Pitt to launched their advertisement on Chanel No.5, Chanel’s female perfume that became the talk on social media. They did it intentionally to increase the popularity of the product (Carr, 2012). Chanel products are lifestyle choices and their product range will fit across in most countries and in every country, there is definitely a group of upper class, high-income people that lives a similar luxurious lifestyle allowing global consumer segmentation of products.
成立于1909年。香奈儿由生活方式和奢侈品组成。香奈儿被认为是优雅女性的成熟品牌。香奈儿的产品包括时装、高级珠宝、手表、配饰、香水和化妆品。他们把产品放在自己的精品店里。然而，他们的化妆品和香水可以在某些特定的百货商店找到。价格是高的。他们的推广是通过时装秀、名人、活动、电视、杂志和展览。香奈儿利用现代科技与消费者沟通。社交媒体平台，如Facebook和Twitter, YouTube更新他们的新产品，视频事件和状态。香奈儿的视频不断地拍摄和强调他们的“品牌遗产”，以及它如何仍然存在于他们的产品与现代的融合。这种策略加强了消费者需要与产品建立的关系。香奈儿重新设计了他们的网站，创建了一个时尚的网站，展示优雅，并创建了几个智能手机应用程序，其中包括最新产品的视频和外观，时尚新闻，幕后功能，所有精品店的联系信息，使用他们品牌的面部产品的皮肤护理提示。香奈儿的Coco Shine口红最初是通过社交媒体平台Facebook发布和销售的。用户可以“喜欢”该页面，并在购买时获得免费送货。这增加了他们在线商店的知名度，因为一些消费者并不知道这一点，此外，通过“赞”Facebook页面，消费者可以参与他们未来的新闻或产品发布。(Zelesny, 2011)香奈儿使用了一位男性名人;布拉德·皮特在香奈儿5号上发布了他们的广告，香奈儿的女性香水成为了社交媒体上的话题。他们这样做是为了增加产品的知名度(Carr, 2012)。香奈儿的产品是生活方式的选择，他们的产品范围将适合大多数国家，在每个国家，肯定有一群上层阶级，高收入的人过着类似奢侈的生活方式，让全球消费者细分产品。
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