会计Essay代写范文翻译：Economic and Management Accounting Plan for Soft Drink Market
本文是会计专业的留学生Essay代写范例，题目是“Economic and Management Accounting Plan for Soft Drink Market（软饮料市场经济管理核算方案）”，软饮料行业在美国市场是最有利可图的行业之一。对于希望进入和开发这个市场的公司来说，该国提供了一个主要的市场和盈利能力。本扩展分析方案从微观经济分析和宏观经济分析两方面分析了市场趋势。现金流量预测和资本预算下的部分涉及到识别现金流量盈余和确定资金需求的管理会计概念。结论部分概述了管理建议的最佳资本预算计划，以看到该计划的盈利能力。
Soft Drink Market in the United States美国软饮料市场
Soft drink industry in the USA market is one of the most profitable industries in the country. The country provides a major market and profitability of a company wishing to enter and tap in this market. This expansion analysis plan analyses the market trends under the micro-economic analysis and macro-economic analysis. The parts under cash flows projections and capital budgeting deals with management accounting concepts of identifying cash flows surplus and determining funds requirements. The conclusion part outlines the management recommendation of the best capital budgeting plan to see this plan to profitability.
Microeconomic Analysis of the United States Market美国市场的微观经济分析
The non- alcoholic beverage market in the USA is highly competitive and highly turbulent. These changes have an impact on both existing beverage companies and aspiring new entrant organizations. An aspiring company has to understand competitive threats and plan a good corporate strategy and craft viable growth projections. This will prove in future to be profitable as well as informed business decisions. This to be done effectively involves a micro-economic analysis of the industry focusing on current trends. The micro-economic trends that are worth mentioning in this paper are the; consumers demand for healthier products, smaller companies gaining share, new products, other products etc.
美国的非酒精饮料市场竞争激烈，动荡不安。这些变化对现有的饮料公司和有抱负的新进入组织都有影响。一家有抱负的公司必须了解竞争威胁，制定良好的企业战略，并制定可行的增长预测。这将在未来被证明是有利可图的，也是明智的商业决策。要有效地做到这一点，就需要对该行业进行着眼于当前趋势的微观经济分析。在本文中值得一提的微观经济趋势是:消费者需要更健康的产品，更小的公司获得市场份额，新产品，其他产品等。
Consumers have continuously made it clear they like purchasing and consuming products that contribute to a healthy lifestyle, (euromonitor.com). The soda industry in the beverages industry has been declining in the last one decade. The reported reasons from consumers’ edge show they have been turning to juices, flavored water and other healthier options. These options pack fewer calories, has low sugar, (fortune.com). The saver products saw a rise in consumer growth showing the new entrants should have these goods to target the new consumers
The second major microeconomic factor in the beverage sector is gain of additional market share of smaller companies. In the US market, the market is no longer predominantly by the cola companies, Coca Cola and Pepsi companies. Other notable rival competitors in the soft drinks are the Dr Pepper Snapple the third company, the Monster Beverage that was the best performing organization and Red Bull Company. These companies as been clearly targeting on healthy goods such as bottled water, juice and RTD teas. These are the goods have been on the increase.
规模较小的公司。在美国市场，市场不再主要是由可乐公司，可口可乐和百事可乐公司。其他著名的竞争对手是Dr Pepper Snapple第三家公司，怪兽饮料是表现最好的组织和红牛公司。这些公司明确地将目标对准健康产品，如瓶装水、果汁和RTD茶。这些货物的价格一直在上涨。
New product focus on health. Due to the rising focus of the consumer to purchase healthy related products, new product development has been focusing on healthy aspects of soft drinks. The producers has been shifting their ingredient from normal stimulant in soft drinks the sugar and caffeine. These have been severely criticized for the ill health effects of high sugar content. This shows a new company will grow their existing and new product lines in healthy goods.
Macroeconomic Analysis of the United States Market美国市场的宏观经济分析
Consumer interest in premium products across all the food and beverage industries. Higher end consumer products; promising higher quality ingredients, highly priced and linked to health claims have been gaining momentum. This means companies need to position goods as premium goods to gain more consumers and therefore high sales volume and revenue. This means organizations will achieve their profit maximization, liquidity and profitability goals.
消费者对所有食品和饮料行业的优质产品的兴趣。高端消费品;承诺更高质量的成分，高昂的价格和与健康声明相关的势头越来越大。这意味着企业需要将产品定位为高端产品，以获得更多的消费者，从而获得更高的销量和收入。这意味着组织将实现其利润最大化、流动性和盈利能力目标。
The other major positive trend in the industry is the growing population. With the population, growth being more than one percent per annum from local births and high level of immigrants means a stable and continuously growing market. This macro-economic trend is one of the most important factors. Companies exist to make and market their goods to target consumers. Where the market is growing is a guarantee for market development.
The negative trends include lower than expected consumer spending growth and rising competition. In the USA soft drinks, market there has been a development of consumers moving from soft drinks to healthy products. This has seen a continuous decline of soft drink revenue for a continuous period of ten years in a line. This however is a positive development for healthy drinks, carbonated and flavored water and teas.
负面趋势包括低于预期的消费者支出增长和竞争加剧。在美国软饮料市场，有一个发展，消费者从软饮料转向健康产品。由此可见，软饮料收入连续10年连续下降。然而，对于健康饮料、碳酸饮料和调味水以及茶来说，这是一个积极的发展。
The other major trend in the market has been the consumers request and adoption of new products. This includes expanded and new product lines. This has seen the trend in which the old and giant companies such as Coca Cola and Pepsi are losing in sales revenue. New entrant companies have experienced additional and growing revenues. Red Bull is reported to have had a 5.6% revenue increase in 2014. Monster beverage on the other hand experienced a 7% increase. At the same time Coca Cola, Pepsi and Pepper Snapple, Monster Beverage experienced a sales decline of -0.91%, -1.96%, - 1.17% and – 0.91% respectively (fortune et.al)
市场上的另一个主要趋势是消费者对新产品的要求和采用。这包括扩大和新的产品线。这已经见证了像可口可乐和百事可乐这样的老牌大公司销售收入下降的趋势。新进入的公司经历了额外的和不断增长的收入。据报道，红牛2014年的收入增长了5.6%。怪兽饮料则增长了7%。与此同时，可口可乐、百事可乐和胡椒Snapple、怪兽饮料的销售额分别下降了-0.91%、-1.96%、- 1.17%和-0.91%(《财富》等)
Key Accounting Practices
The expansion plan of the company will involve the organization investment in a syrup producer, bottling plant, expanding a distribution mechanism, identifying company merchants in the wholesale and retail areas. It is from this the product will proceed to the consumers. The company apart from having a sound producing budget for producing and distribution, the organization will need to have a contingency marketing budget for creating market awareness in the USA industry. The other major planning item will include planning for relevant technology and human capital for proper and efficient execution of the expansion.
The first stage of this planning will involve cash flow projection. The cash flow forecast is a cashbook that projects the business income and outflows for a given period such as week, month, or a financial year. This will involve listing down all the payments or expenditure one expect to give over the period. The receipts received in the business operation will be balanced against expenditure to determine the cash surplus or cash deficit from operation. Where the company experiences a deficit, it is advisable to ignore the project. Where the projections portray a cash surplus it is a strong indication for good business and the business will need to invest in the project.
规划的第一阶段将涉及现金流预测。现金流量预测是一种现金簿，它预测给定时期(如星期、月或一个财政年度)的业务收入和资金流出。这将涉及列出所有的付款或支出，一个人预计在这段时间内。将经营活动的收入与支出进行平衡，以确定经营活动的现金盈余或现金赤字。当公司出现亏损时，明智的做法是忽略这个项目。如果预测显示有现金盈余，这是良好业务的有力迹象，企业将需要对项目进行投资。
The cash projections has promised the income receipts and expenditure
The projection shows the organization will earn surplus cash balance. This means the organization should consider investing and implementing on the program.
Cash budgeting is the process of determining the cash requirements for setting the expansion project. The company will need cash for expanding the syrup plant, purchase several bottling plant, setting distribution channel and setting, marketing and human resource budgets.
The projected cash budget for the above items is as follows上述项目的预计现金预算如下
The second part of the cash budget identifies the sources of funds that will be used in the process of financing the budget a process known as capital budgeting. Capital sources of funds can either be from two common sources, owners’ equity and on the other hand issuance of debt. Owners’ equity is raised through stock re-issue or an initial public offer. Management can get debt proceeds from financial sources or offer corporate bonds in the securities market.
现金预算的第二部分确定了在为预算融资的过程中使用的资金来源，这一过程被称为资本预算。资金的资本来源有两种，一种是所有者权益，另一种是发行债务。所有者权益是通过股票再发行或首次公开发行筹集的。管理层可以从资金来源获得债务收益，或者在证券市场上发行公司债券。
The two methods have different advantages and drawbacks. The Initial public offer issues more company ownership items, stock in the market. The major advantage of this plan is that it is cheaper since there is no need for the company to pay regular interest expenditure and a later maturity value. The major drawback of the debt borrowing is the interest proceeds to the debt holders. The organization currently has fund availability of $ 3 million out of the currently needed proceeds of $ 5.25
Conclusion结论
The project to expand the organization’s business nationally proves to be a profitable venture for consideration. This is supported by positive factors in micro-economic market level analysis and macro-economic industrial level analysis as discussed above. The analysis of the cash flows shows the organization will provide positive cash flows that are also expected to rise with time. The analysis of cash budget shows that the organization will need an approximate of $ 525000 to implement the plan. This shows the company will need an additional cash requirement of funds approximate $325000 to add to available capital of $ 200000. This additional capital will need to be raised from initial public offer (IPO) that will shift the organization from private ownership to public ownership. This method is relatively cheaper and affordable compared to the expensive debt issuance.The recommendation of this paper is for the company to issue the public stock.
将该组织的业务扩展到全国的项目证明是一个有利可图的值得考虑的冒险。如上所述，微观市场层面分析和宏观产业层面分析的积极因素支持了这一观点。对现金流的分析表明，该组织将提供正的现金流，并预计将随时间增长。对现金预算的分析表明，该组织大约需要525000美元来执行该计划。这表明该公司将需要大约325000美元的额外现金需求，以增加到20万美元的可用资本。这些额外的资本将需要从首次公开发行(IPO)中筹集，这将使该组织从私人所有制转变为公共所有制。与昂贵的发债方式相比，这种方式相对便宜、实惠。
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