会计Essay作业代写范文：Investigation of ICT Innovation in Accounting Education

本文是会计专业的留学生Essay范例，题目是“Investigation of ICT Innovation in Accounting Education（信息通信技术在会计教育中的创新研究）”，我们生活在信息时代，决策也需要信息。提供信息的领域有信息和通信技术(ICT)、会计等。在本文中，我们调查ICT创新在会计教育中有助于准备和呈现有用的财务信息给用户。

INTRODUCTION 介绍

We live in the age of information and also needs to it for decision making. There are several fields that provide information such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Accounting. In this paper, we investigate ICT Innovation in Accounting Education that helps to prepare and present useful financial information to users.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Accounting Education信息和通信技术(ICT)和会计教育

ICT has created significant benefits for accounting. ICT networks and computer systems have shortened the lead time needed by accountants to prepare and present financial information to management and stakeholders. Not only ICT has shortened the lead time required to present financial information, but it also has improved the overall efficiency, accuracy of the information and training accounting for students.[1]

信息通信技术为会计创造了巨大的利益。信息通信技术网络和计算机系统缩短了会计准备财务信息并向管理层和利益攸关方提供财务信息所需的时间。信息和通信技术不仅缩短了提供财务信息所需的时间，而且还提高了整体效率、信息的准确性和对学生的会计培训

ICT has created better opportunities to training accounting that help students in understand and also have shortened the lead time required to training. There are researchers that indicate profound impact ICT on training accounting such as:

Bennett and Bennett (2003) that investigated the impacts of perceived characteristics of ICT on faculty members’ willingness to integrate it in their teaching. They found out that the most important factor which impedes the use of technology in higher education is not the lack of technological facilities or financial funds, but faculty members’ reluctance and their disbelief in the use of technology.[2]

Medlin (2001) investigated different variables which are likely to affect teachers’ decisions on making use of electronic technologies throughout the teaching process. He indicated that the personal motivation is an important factor which forces faculty members to improve their teaching methods and contribute to the learning of students by technological means.[3]

Medlin(2001)调查了可能影响教师在整个教学过程中使用电子技术的决定的不同变量。他指出，个人动机是促使教师改进教学方法，利用科技手段帮助学生学习的一个重要因素

Ma, Andersson, and Streith (2005) studied the impact of ICT on training accounting and they found out that:[4]

The student teachers’ perceived usefulness of computer technology had a direct significant effect on their intention to use it.

The student teachers’ perceived ease of use had only an indirect significant effect on intention to use; however.

The student teachers’ subjective norm that is the possible influence of external expectations did not have any direct or indirect significant effect on their intention to use computer technology.

Li (2004) studied the relation between ICT and Education at China Agricultural University (CAU), in which he concluded that CAU faculty tended to agree with the existence of the five attributes of WBDE (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trainability, and observability).[5]

The researchers show independent variables that have impotent role in ICT such as relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, result and demonstrability.

Relative advantage– Relative advantage is degree which an innovation is perceived as being better than the idea it supersedes. It is often expressed in terms of economic profitability, productivity, convenience, satisfaction and so on. Some researches have referred relative advantage of an innovation as its perceived usefulness, that is “the degree to which the user’s subjective probability that using a specific system will enhance his or her productivity”.[6]

相对优势——相对优势是指一项创新被认为比它所取代的想法更好的程度。它通常表现为经济盈利能力、生产力、便利性、满意度等方面。一些研究将创新的相对优势视为其感知的有用性，即“用户使用某一特定系统的主观可能性将提高他或她的生产力的程度”

Compatibility– Compatibility is degree to which an innovation is perceived as consistent with the existing values, past experiences and needs of potential adopters. Some researchers have stated that an innovation can be compatible or incompatible with cultural values, believably values, previously introduced ideas and client needs for the innovation.[7]

Ease of use – Ease of User is degree to which an innovation is perceived as relatively easy to understand and use. Researchers have observed that technology users perceive a technology as user-friendly if it is easy to learn, become skillful, flexible and is controllable.[8]

The Web as an Innovation in Accounting Education网络作为会计教育的创新

In generally, innovation refers to the creation of better or more effective products, processes, technologies, ideas that affect companies, markets, goverments, indevuals and students. Innovation generally signifies a substantial change compared to entirely new or incremental changes. Innovation can use in varius contexts such as IT and Education.[9]

一般来说，创新是指创造更好或更有效的产品、流程、技术、想法，影响公司、市场、政府、个人和学生。创新通常意味着与全新的或渐进的变化相比的实质性变化。创新可以用在不同的环境中，如IT和教育

The various researches have been provided that indicate profound impact ICT on student learning and also have showed role of innovation in ICT and Accounting Education. Some of these researches are:

Khaled Dwhawy and … (2005) investigated the use of IT in Teaching Accounting in Egypt. They have indicated that their acceptance of the new tools in training such as CD is highly dependent on the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the tool. They suggested that there is a need for more to be done to enhance understanding of teaching accounting in developing nations in general, especially through the use of information technology.[10]

Pugalee and Robinson (1998) suggested that technology applications have been found to improve student’s motivation to learn and to expand their self-confidence. With specific reference to the Web, they suggested that the Internet can provide students with a learning environment that is compatible with the way they prefer to learn.[11]

Pugalee和Robinson(1998)认为，技术应用已被发现可以提高学生的学习动机和扩大他们的自信心。通过具体的参考网络，他们建议互联网可以为学生提供一个与他们喜欢的学习方式相兼容的学习环境

Lebeile.S and Abeysekera (2010) investigated The Spread of ICT Innovation in Accounting Education and they have tested various dimensions ICT Innovation in major university of Sydney with independent variables. Their results proved to be significant in relation to all four independent variables: relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, result and demonstrability.[12]

Objective of study客观的研究

An understanding of accounting concepts for students has depended to method of training. Usage IT in Accounting Education can help to it. Therefore, Objective of this study helps to Accounting Education on the base of ICT Innovation.

学生对会计概念的理解依赖于培训方法。在会计教育中应用信息技术有助于实现这一目标。因此，本研究的目的是对信息通信技术创新基础上的会计教育有所帮助。

Hypotheses of study

The main hypothesis is that “The Innovation attributes of relative advantage, compatibility and ease of use will be associated with accounting student’s intention for future use of WEBLEARN for learning purpose.”

This hypothesis divided to three Sub-hypotheses that investigate various dimensions ICT Innovation. Those are:

Relative advantage (of ICT) is positively correlated with ICT adoption in WEBLEARN.

Compatibility (of ICT) is positively correlated with ICT Adoption in WEBLEARN.

Ease of use (of ICT) is positively correlated with ICT adoption in WEBLEARN.

Methodology of the study

Data of study gathered from an anonymous questionnaire administered to 30 students in an accounting unit at a major college in pune university, India at 2010. Then, we classify data on the base of relative advantage, compatibility, and ease of and after that we tested it in SAS software by using mean, standard division, T-test, Adjusted R2 and P-value.

Analysis of resulting分解结果

The result of research indicate that ICT Innovation have significant impact on training accounting to students. The use ICT can help students that learn concepts, assumption and standards of accounting to ease way and quickly. The WEBLEARN used by students is to be effectiveness as a learning tool for topic cost of goods soled for students. This paper indicates that students who used WEBLEARN have suitable comprehension about cost of goods soled than traditional tools.

研究结果表明，信息通信技术创新对会计人才培养具有显著影响。信息通信技术的使用可以帮助学生轻松、快速地学习会计概念、假设和标准。学生使用的WEBLEARN是作为一个有效的学习工具的主题成本的商品出售给学生。本文表明，使用WEBLEARN的学生对销售商品的成本比传统工具有适当的理解。

The qualitative data indicate mixed feelings regarding the Relative advantage, Compatibility and Ease of use as components of WEBLEARN for cost of goods soled. Many student comments relating to the Relative advantage, Compatibility and Ease of use were effectiveness in learning. The majority of students’ responses were highly positive.

Table show that P-value less than a=.05 and also T-test more than 1.96. Hence statistical tests confirm result of study.

Conclusion and Suggestion of the study研究结论及建议

This study test impact of ICT Innovation on Accounting Education and find out that IT can play important role in training accounting and help students and lecturers until achieve to their objectives. Innovation in IT causes that trainings tools have profound impact on students. Future research could also investigate other applications of technology in educational.

本研究测试ICT创新对会计教育的影响，发现IT可以在会计培训中发挥重要作用，帮助学生和教师达到他们的目标。信息技术的创新使培训工具对学生产生了深刻的影响。未来的研究还可以研究技术在教育中的其他应用。

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