Supply chain collaboration and its benefits
供应链协作及其效益

The cooperation between ports can be viewed as supply chain collaboration in some extent. Because ports is a node of transport chain and can be viewed as a part of value added chain. The concept of supply chain collaboration can be utilized into the cooperation between ports.
港口之间的合作，可以被看作是在一定程度上的供应链合作。因为港口是一个节点的传输链，并可以被看作是价值增值链的一部分。到港口之间的合作，可以利用供应链协同的概念。

Collaboration can be defined as two or more organizations share the responsibility of exchanging common planning, management and performance information (Anthony,2000). Some researchers pointed out that collaboration is the driving force to improve effectiveness in supply chain management (Ellram
and Cooper, 1990; Horvath, 2001). Finally, it can be considered as the core capability to generate competitive advantages. (Sanders and Premus, 2005).
Port, as a node of transport chain, can collaborate with other ports by utilizing the concept of supply chain collaboration.
可以被定义为两个或多个组织协作共享交换常见的规划，管理和性能信息（安东尼，2000年）的责任。一些研究人员指出，合作为动力，以提高供应链管理的有效性（Ellram与库珀，1990年;霍瓦特，2001）。最后，它可以被认为是为核心的能力，以产生有竞争力的优势。 （桑德斯和Premus的，2005年）。
港口，运输链的一个节点，与其他港口合作，利用供应链协作的概念。

One of the processes of supply chain collaboration is to leverage the resources and skills and share information to accomplish mutual objectives (Bowersox et al., 2003; Golicic et al., 2003). In order to achieve the http://ukthesis.org/wl/ sustainable development in the competitive environment, ports cooperation can be achieved by sharing information and leveraging existing facilities to meet different requirements of shipping lines, forwarders and shippers.
供应链协作的过程，是充分利用资源和技能，信息共享，以实现共同目标（鲍尔索克斯等人，2003; Golicic等，2003）。为了在竞争激烈的环境中实现可持续发展，港口间的合作，可以实现信息共享和利用现有设施，以满足不同需求的航运公司，货运代理和货主。
 

Benefits of supply chain collaboration include improving efficiency and saving cost. Furthermore, it enables companies to increase effectiveness and customer responsiveness. (Sabath and Fontanella, 2002).
供应链协作的好处包括提高效率和节约成本。此外，它还使企业能够提高效率和客户响应。 （Sabath和Fontanella酒店，2002）。

These studies give a useful indication of the range of criteria of port competition. Furthermore, the studies indicate port competition is the outcomes of market-driven and economic development. Although severe competition is inevitable between ports, opportunities are generated simultaneously for ports co-operation. However, seldom literature proposes how ports cooperate with each other because of its complexity.  This research concentrates on port co-operation based on the concept of supply chain collaboration.  The purpose is to investigate the existing competition between ports and then propose a framework of co-operation from the logistics management respective.#p#分页标题#e#

Aims and Objectives
宗旨和目标

Based on the background introduction and literature review, the research paper attempts to answer the following questions:
研究的背景介绍和文献回顾的基础上，本文试图回答以下问题：

a. What factors are responsible for port competition based on the respective of shipping lines and forwarders?
负责根据各自的航运公司和货代港口竞争因素是什么？
b. Through comparison of the resources and capabilities of Hong Kong port and Shenzhen port, to identify 1) what are the competitive advantage existing in these two ports respectively? 2) what are the disadvantages or weaknesses of these two ports in competition?
通过比较香港港口和深圳港的资源和能力，确定1）现有的竞争优势，这两个端口分别是什么呢？ 2）这两个港口在竞争中有什么缺点或弱点？
c. What sort of cooperation can be conducted between these two ports to form a complementary relationship based on the supply chain collaboration point of view?
这两个端口之间形成一种互补的关系，基于对供应链协作的角度来看，可以进行什么样的合作？

Based on the above questions, the research will investigate the following objectives;
基于对上述问题的研究将探讨以下目标;
 To identify the main factors that are responsible for port competition from the point of view from shipping lines and forwarders. 
识别的主要因素是港口竞争的角度来看航运公司和货代负责
 To identify the competitive advantage and weaknesses that emerges out of a comparative analysis between Hong Kong port and Shenzhen port.
要找出竞争优势和弱点浮现出香港港口和深圳港之间的对比分析。
 To proposed a framework that how these two ports can collaborate with each other by making use of their core competences, and namely complement their weaknesses.
提出了一个框架，这两个端口是如何相互协作，利用自己的核心竞争力，即补充自己的弱点。

Hence, the aim of the project report is to conduct a comparative analysis of Hong Kong port and Shenzhen port based on their respective resources. Then, the paper will evaluate the core competences and weak points of these two ports. Finally, the paper will propose how these two ports can cooperate and form a complementary relationship by making use of their core competences from the supply chain collaboration point of view.
因此，项目报告的目的是基于各自的资源进行了对比分析，香港港口和深圳港。然后，本文将评估这两个港口的核心竞争力和薄弱点。最后，本文将提出这两个端口可以如何合作，形成一种互补的关系，利用自己的核心竞争力的供应链协作的角度来看。