In today's society , many human activities, such as work , education, research , study , etc., are inseparable from the computer technology as the core of modern information technology , computer technology are increasingly profound impact on human society , but also on computer education difficulty raised higher requirements. Basic computer literacy education for the current difficulties and difficulties , the paper proposes to construct a theory -based computer -based teaching and learning culture methods .
在当今社会形态,人的总称的众多活动如工作、教育、科学研究、学习等，均离不开以计算机技术为中心的现代信息技术，计算机技术正在越来越深刻地影响着人的总称社会形态，同时也对计算机教育的困难程度提出了更高的要求。

First, the current plight of computer literacy in basic education

The rapid development of computer technology , the rapid updating of knowledge , students' exposure to computer time differences , learning habits inert and traditional teaching computer literacy constitutes the current basic education major difficulties, mainly in the following two aspects:
计算机技术的飞速进展、知识的迅速更新、学生接触计算机的时间差别、学生学习的惰性以及习性的传统教学标准样式构成了现时计算机文化基础教育的主要厄境，主要表现出来在以下2个方面：

( A ) forward and foundation courses contradiction between
Basic computer literacy courses for students to master basic skills, information processing has a vital role . The course strong practicality , content updates fast, very creative and has a significant development of the times and other characteristics, determines the course with the necessary forward-looking , but because of class constraints and the properties of the course itself - " foundation" the course leads can not and should departing from the basic teaching of the basics , which constitute the basis of the current computer literacy difficulties and contradictions education courses . From the student perspective, because differences in levels of student computer , emphasis on forward-looking content, the foundation is weak students is difficult to accept ; emphasis on fundamental content, better foundation for students tend to produce inert weariness and irritability attitude ; Should lesson equally restrictions will result in the lesson " two thankless " embarrassing situation .

( Two ) the traditional teaching mode and diversity of the conflict between
Although most colleges and universities in the teaching of basic computer literacy , proposed a " project-based " teaching, " mission-driven " teaching, " hierarchical " teaching methods, but the actual teaching process from the current point of view, is still based on the traditional teaching model -based, supplemented by other means of teaching in the teaching process and there is a certain contradiction . First, the "multiple " teaching model is mostly due to the slogan and means of teaching reform . Second , in the actual implementation of the process, "multiple " teaching mode can not be done to their personalities , as well as to stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm.

Based on the current problems , this paper is based on constructivist theory and explore its cultural foundation courses in computer education and the role of learning .

Second, the constructivist theory and elements

Constructivism holds that knowledge is not taught by teachers get, but learners in certain situations and socio-cultural context , with other people ( including teachers and learning partners ) to help with the necessary learning materials, through the construction of meaning obtained . Its core is a student-centered , emphasizing the students' knowledge of active exploration , active discovery and significance of the knowledge of active construction . Constructivist theory holds that "situation ", " cooperation" , "conversation" and " sense-making " is the four elements of the learning environment . Situation: teaching and learning environment , setting the scene as well as the specific teaching and learning content . Collaboration : The teacher 's guide on student learning between students help each other. Conversation: study group members to discuss how to complete the required learning task planning process . Construction of meaning : It is the ultimate goal of the learning process , the contents of the book , course content into students' own knowledge.

 Constructivist theory is the core of the student, the center , the teacher is the guide of the whole learning process , organizers and planners, play a supporting role in the process of teaching the use of context , collaboration, conversation and other elements of the learning environment of students take the initiative into full play , enthusiasm and innovative spirit , to enable students to effectively achieve the purpose of the construction of meaning ; student learning is the process of knowledge in the brain to re- build process that is proactive and positive .

Third, the construction of cultural theory in the computer realization of basic teaching

Although students in learning is active and positive, but in the whole learning process is blind, no clue , so this requires the teacher should set the appropriate learning scenarios , planners and played the role of guide . Therefore, teachers should do the following : First , according to the syllabus and computer knowledge systems and cultural foundation courses , teachers should first sort out the hierarchical structure of knowledge systems . Second, each of the different levels of knowledge based on the correlation between the combined level of computer literacy of students , students' interests, set up different profiles and sub-topics . Third, for each scenario prepared teaching resources . Fourth, to assist and guide students to complete each task operation. Fifth , to receive and check the student's task operation. Sixth , according to one of the issues before the next job to set and modify the task scenario .

For the students, to do the work of the following aspects : First, find and collect relevant information . Second, the problem of complete and perfect job . Third, the course work involves knowledge internalization and extended . Fourth, the curriculum scenarios as well as the teacher and the class to grasp the way feedback.

The above points are from the teacher's teaching and student learning discussed in terms of constructivist teaching and learning methods , in the actual creation, teachers and students can be based on the syllabus set different types of computer literacy , and a focused knowledge scenarios, and follow the students have mastered basic computer literacy research group will be divided into different students for students to choose to learn. Different levels correspond to different levels of student issues , in order to achieve the purpose of individualized education and inspire students to learn the role of enthusiasm .

IV Summary

Basic computer literacy course content as well as forward-looking basis , teaching mode diversity and traditional cultural foundation caused the current computer course teaching major dilemma , the article in order to build the basis of theory , discusses its cultural foundation in teaching and learning computer the role and specific requirements.